Can anyone plz give me the summary of the kesson population, class 9th. Plz yrr answer it i will mark as brainlist
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Introduction
• People make and use resources. They are also considered as resources having different quality.
• Population (total number of persons inhabiting a particular place like city, state, country etc.) is the central element in social studies. It is the point of reference from which all other elements are observed.
• Human beings are producers as well as consumers of the resources so information about population of a country such as their size, distribution are important.
• A census is an official enumeration of population done periodically. In India the first census was held in the year 1872.
• The census of India provides us with information regarding the population of our country. The data provided by the census cover below three major questions about the population:
→ Population size and distribution
→ Population growth and processes of population change
→ Characteristics or qualities of the population
Size and distribution
• As per March 2001, India’s population stood at 1,028 million, which account for 16.7 percent of the world’s population.
• According to the data, Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state of India with a population size of 166 million, which account for 16 percent of total India's population.
• Sikkim's population - 0.5 million (5 lakhs) while Lakshadweep has 60 thousand people.
• The five states Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal, and Andhra Pradesh holds almost half of Indian population (48.8%).
India’s Population Distribution by Density
• Population density is calculated as the number of persons per unit area.
• The population density of India in the year 2001 was 324 persons per sq km making it one of the most densely populated countries of the world.
• Densities vary from 904 persons per sq km in West Bengal to only 13 persons per sq km in Arunachal Pradesh.
• The reason for scarce (thinly distributed) population in some states such as Meghalaya, Orissa etc. are rugged terrain and unfavourable climatic conditions.
• Hilly, dissected and rocky nature of the terrain, moderate to low rainfall, shallow and less fertile soils have influenced population in Assam and most of the Peninsular states.
• The Northern Plains and Kerala in the south have high to very high population densities because of the flat plains with fertile soils and abundant rainfall.
Population Growth
• Population Growth refers to the change in the number of inhabitants of a country or territory during a specific period of time, say during the last ten years.
• The change can be expressed in two ways
→ in terms of absolute numbers
→ in terms of percentage change per year
• The absolute number is calculated by simply subtracting the earlier population (e.g. that of 1991) from the later population (e.g. that of 2001). It is referred to as the absolute increase.
• The rate of population is studied in per cent per annum, e.g. a rate of increase of 2 per cent per annum means that in a given year, there was an increase of two persons for every 100 persons in the base population. This is referred to as the annual growth rate.
• India’s population has been steadily increasing from 361 million in 1951 to 1028 million in 2001.
• Since 1981, however, the rate of growth started declining gradually as birth rates declined rapidly. But India has a very large population so when a low annual rate is applied to a very large population, it yields a large absolute increase.
• At this growth rate, India may overtake China in 2045 to become the most populous country in the world.
Processes of Population Change/Growth
• There are three main processes of change of population: birth rates, death rates and migration.
• Birth rate is the number of live births per thousand persons in a year. In India, birth rates have always been higher than death rates.
• Death rate is the number of deaths per thousand persons in a year. In India, there is rapid decline in death rates which is the main cause of growth of the Indian population.
• Migration is the movement of people across regions and territories. This can be internal (within the country) or international (between the countries).
Age Composition
• The age composition of a population refers to the number of people in different age groups in a country.
Sex Ratio
• Sex ratio is defined as the number of females per 1000 males in the population.
Literacy rates
• According to the Census of 2001, a person aged 7 years. and above who can read and write with understanding in any language, is treated as literate. Low levels of literacy are a serious obstacle for economic improvement.
• The literacy rate in the country as per the Census of 2001 is 64.84 per cent; 75.26 per cent for males and 53.67 percent for females.
• People make and use resources. They are also considered as resources having different quality.
• Population (total number of persons inhabiting a particular place like city, state, country etc.) is the central element in social studies. It is the point of reference from which all other elements are observed.
• Human beings are producers as well as consumers of the resources so information about population of a country such as their size, distribution are important.
• A census is an official enumeration of population done periodically. In India the first census was held in the year 1872.
• The census of India provides us with information regarding the population of our country. The data provided by the census cover below three major questions about the population:
→ Population size and distribution
→ Population growth and processes of population change
→ Characteristics or qualities of the population
Size and distribution
• As per March 2001, India’s population stood at 1,028 million, which account for 16.7 percent of the world’s population.
• According to the data, Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state of India with a population size of 166 million, which account for 16 percent of total India's population.
• Sikkim's population - 0.5 million (5 lakhs) while Lakshadweep has 60 thousand people.
• The five states Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal, and Andhra Pradesh holds almost half of Indian population (48.8%).
India’s Population Distribution by Density
• Population density is calculated as the number of persons per unit area.
• The population density of India in the year 2001 was 324 persons per sq km making it one of the most densely populated countries of the world.
• Densities vary from 904 persons per sq km in West Bengal to only 13 persons per sq km in Arunachal Pradesh.
• The reason for scarce (thinly distributed) population in some states such as Meghalaya, Orissa etc. are rugged terrain and unfavourable climatic conditions.
• Hilly, dissected and rocky nature of the terrain, moderate to low rainfall, shallow and less fertile soils have influenced population in Assam and most of the Peninsular states.
• The Northern Plains and Kerala in the south have high to very high population densities because of the flat plains with fertile soils and abundant rainfall.
Population Growth
• Population Growth refers to the change in the number of inhabitants of a country or territory during a specific period of time, say during the last ten years.
• The change can be expressed in two ways
→ in terms of absolute numbers
→ in terms of percentage change per year
• The absolute number is calculated by simply subtracting the earlier population (e.g. that of 1991) from the later population (e.g. that of 2001). It is referred to as the absolute increase.
• The rate of population is studied in per cent per annum, e.g. a rate of increase of 2 per cent per annum means that in a given year, there was an increase of two persons for every 100 persons in the base population. This is referred to as the annual growth rate.
• India’s population has been steadily increasing from 361 million in 1951 to 1028 million in 2001.
• Since 1981, however, the rate of growth started declining gradually as birth rates declined rapidly. But India has a very large population so when a low annual rate is applied to a very large population, it yields a large absolute increase.
• At this growth rate, India may overtake China in 2045 to become the most populous country in the world.
Processes of Population Change/Growth
• There are three main processes of change of population: birth rates, death rates and migration.
• Birth rate is the number of live births per thousand persons in a year. In India, birth rates have always been higher than death rates.
• Death rate is the number of deaths per thousand persons in a year. In India, there is rapid decline in death rates which is the main cause of growth of the Indian population.
• Migration is the movement of people across regions and territories. This can be internal (within the country) or international (between the countries).
Age Composition
• The age composition of a population refers to the number of people in different age groups in a country.
Sex Ratio
• Sex ratio is defined as the number of females per 1000 males in the population.
Literacy rates
• According to the Census of 2001, a person aged 7 years. and above who can read and write with understanding in any language, is treated as literate. Low levels of literacy are a serious obstacle for economic improvement.
• The literacy rate in the country as per the Census of 2001 is 64.84 per cent; 75.26 per cent for males and 53.67 percent for females.
dimple24:
Thank u so much
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