Question

Can matter undergo phase transitions?

Answer 1

...If it is matter, then I hope so. If it is matter, it should be describable by a phase diagram (at least, in principle).

Benzene is a fine example:

If we start at

280 K

and

30 torr

, and increase the pressure at constant temperature past roughly

40 torr

...

...We condense the gas into a liquid. (If we reverse the process we just did, we vaporize the liquid into a gas.)

If we start at

273 K

and

10 torr

, and increase the pressure at constant temperature, we move vertically upwards in the phase diagram.

We consequently transform the gas into a solid, i.e. deposition, past roughly

30 torr

. (If we reverse the process, we perform sublimation.)

And if we look closely, the solid-liquid coexistence curve has a negative slope (is not perfectly vertical).

So if we start at roughly

280 K

and

40 torr

(to the left of the triple point) and increase the pressure at constant temperature, past roughly

50 torr

we would melt the solid into a liquid. (The reverse process would be freezing the liquid.)

I hope this will help you

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