Can ou use a gyroscope and an accelerometer to gauge velocity, position, and rotation?
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Answer:
What is a gyroscope?
A gyroscope is a device that uses Earth's gravity to help determine orientation. Its design consists of a freely-rotating disk called a rotor, mounted onto a spinning axis in the center of a larger and more stable wheel. As the axis turns, the rotor remains stationary to indicate the central gravitational pull, and thus which way is "down.
"One typical type of gyroscope is made by suspending a relatively massive rotor inside three rings called gimbals," according to a study guide by Georgia State University. "Mounting each of these rotors on high quality bearing surfaces insures that very little torque can be exerted on the inside rotor."
Gyroscopes were first invented and named in the 19th century by French physicist Jean-Bernard-Léon Foucault. It wasn't until 1908 that German inventor H. Anschütz-Kaempfe developed the first workable gyrocompass, according to Encyclopedia Britannica. It was created to be used in a submersible. Then, in 1909, it was used to create the first auto-pilot.
What is an accelerometer?
An accelerometer is a compact device designed to measure non-gravitational acceleration. When the object it's integrated into goes from a standstill to any velocity, the accelerometer is designed to respond to the vibrations associated with such movement. It uses microscopic crystals that go under stress when vibrations occur, and from that stress a voltage is generated to create a reading on any acceleration. Accelerometers are important components to devices that track fitness and other measurements in the quantified self-movement.
The first accelerometer was called the Atwood machine and was invented by the English physicist George Atwood in 1783, according to the book "Practical MEMS," by Ville Kaajakari.