Question

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Answer 1

Answer:

1. Fats and oils are hydrolyzed (split) with a high-pressure steam to yield crude fatty acids and glycerine. The fatty acids are then purified by distillation and neutralized with an alkali to produce soap and water (neat soap). When the alkali is sodium hydroxide, a sodium soap is formed. Sodium soaps are “hard” soaps.
2. Soaps are derivatives of fatty acids in the form of a chemical salt. They are chemical cleanser made from natural fats and oils (obtained from plants and animals).
3. The basic advantage of soap over detergent is that ,soaps do not form lather with hard water rather they form scum,however detergents work efficiently in both hard water and soft water. scum is the precipitate formmed by soaps when they are treated with hard water,they are calcium and magnesium salts.

Explanation:

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