capacitor of 50microfarad capacitance has P.D of 8 volt across its plates then charge on each plate of a capacitor
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Home / Capacitors / Capacitance and Charge
Capacitance and Charge
Capacitors store electrical energy on their plates in the form of an electrical charge
Capacitors consist of two parallel conductive plates (usually a metal) which are prevented from touching each other (separated) by an insulating material called the “dielectric”. When a voltage is applied to these plates an electrical current flows charging up one plate with a positive charge with respect to the supply voltage and the other plate with an equal and opposite negative charge.
Then, a capacitor has the ability of being able to store an electrical charge Q (units in Coulombs) of electrons. When a capacitor is fully charged there is a potential difference, p.d. between its plates, and the larger the area of the plates and/or the smaller the distance between them (known as separation) the greater will be the charge that the capacitor can hold and the greater will be its Capacitance.
The capacitors ability to store this electrical charge ( Q ) between its plates is proportional to the applied voltage, V for a capacitor of known capacitance in Farads. Note that capacitance C is ALWAYS positive and never negative.
The greater the applied voltage the greater will be the charge stored on the plates of the capacitor. Likewise, the smaller the applied voltage the smaller the charge. Therefore, the actual charge Q on the plates of the capacitor and can be calculated as: