Question

Causal chains (For example: Smoking causes cancer, which causes dyspnea) give rise to ___________________.

A. Conditionally dependence

B. Conditionally independence

C. Both of above

D. None of above

Answer 1

Explanation:

Causal chains (For example: Smoking causes cancer, which causes dyspnea) give rise to ___________________.

A. Conditionally dependence

B. Conditionally independence✓✓✓

C. Both of above

D. None of above

Answer 2

Answer:

Correct Option : B

Conditionally independence

Explanation:

The number one cause of lung cancer is cigarette smoking. Cigarette smoking is responsible for around $80$% to $90$% of lung cancer deaths in the United States. Lung cancer is also increased by using other tobacco products such as cigars or pipes. Tobacco smoke contains a deadly cocktail of almost $7000$ chemicals. There are numerous toxins. At least $70$have been linked to cancer in humans and animals. People who smoke cigarettes are $15$ to $30$ times more likely than nonsmokers to get lung cancer or die from it. Lung cancer is increased by even a few cigarettes each day or smoking on occasion. The longer a person smokes and the more cigarettes smoked each day, the higher the risk of lung cancer.

People who quit smoking have a lower risk of lung cancer than those who continue to smoke, but they still have a higher risk than those who have never smoked. Lung cancer risk can be reduced by quitting smoking at any age. Cigarette smoking has been linked to cancer in practically every organ of the body.