cause of Formation of Hydrogen Bond
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Hydrogen bonding occurs between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom (e.g., oxygen, fluorine, chlorine). The bond is weaker than an ionic bond or a covalent bond, but stronger than van der Waals forces (5 to 30 kJ/mol). A hydrogen bond is classified as a type of weak chemical bond.
Cause : An electrostatic force of attraction between hydrogen atom of one molecule and electronega-tive atom of 2nd molecule. XA
Conditions : (1) Hydrogen atom should be con-nected to highly electronegative atom say F, O or
N.
(2) The electronegative atoms should be small in size. A
Strength : It is a very weak bond, weaker than ionic, covalent bond.
Types of H-Bonding : There are two types of hydrogen-bonds.
(i) Intermolecular hydrogen bond : If is formed
between two different molecules of the same or different compounds. For example H-bond in case of HF, alcohol and water.
(ii) Intramolecular hydrogen bond : It is formed when hydrogen atom is in between the two highly electronegative (F, O, N) atoms present within the same molecule. For example, in o-nitrophenol the hydrogen is in between the two oxygen atoms
hope this helps you
Hydrogen bonding occurs between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom (e.g., oxygen, fluorine, chlorine). The bond is weaker than an ionic bond or a covalent bond, but stronger than van der Waals forces (5 to 30 kJ/mol). A hydrogen bond is classified as a type of weak chemical bond.
Cause : An electrostatic force of attraction between hydrogen atom of one molecule and electronega-tive atom of 2nd molecule. XA
Conditions : (1) Hydrogen atom should be con-nected to highly electronegative atom say F, O or
N.
(2) The electronegative atoms should be small in size. A
Strength : It is a very weak bond, weaker than ionic, covalent bond.
Types of H-Bonding : There are two types of hydrogen-bonds.
(i) Intermolecular hydrogen bond : If is formed
between two different molecules of the same or different compounds. For example H-bond in case of HF, alcohol and water.
(ii) Intramolecular hydrogen bond : It is formed when hydrogen atom is in between the two highly electronegative (F, O, N) atoms present within the same molecule. For example, in o-nitrophenol the hydrogen is in between the two oxygen atoms
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