Question

Causes of French Revolution....?​

Answer 1

Explanation:

As the 18th century drew to a close, France’s costly involvement in the American Revolution, and extravagant spending by King Louis XVI and his predecessor, had left the country on the brink of bankruptcy.

Not only were the royal coffers depleted, but two decades of poor harvests, drought, cattle disease and skyrocketing bread prices had kindled unrest among peasants and the urban poor. Many expressed their desperation and resentment toward a regime that imposed heavy taxes – yet failed to provide any relief – by rioting, looting and striking.

In the fall of 1786, Louis XVI’s controller general, Charles Alexandre de Calonne, proposed a financial reform package that included a universal land tax from which the privileged classes would no longer be exempt.

To garner support for these measures and forestall a growing aristocratic revolt, the king summoned the Estates-General (les états généraux) – an assembly representing France’s clergy, nobility and middle class – for the first time since 1614.

The meeting was scheduled for May 5, 1789; in the meantime, delegates of the three estates from each locality would compile lists of grievances (cahiers de doléances) to present to the king.

Rise of the Third Estate

France’s population had changed considerably since 1614. The non-aristocratic members of the Third Estate now represented 98 percent of the people but could still be outvoted by the other two bodies.

In the lead-up to the May 5 meeting, the Third Estate began to mobilize support for equal representation and the abolishment of the noble veto—in other words, they wanted voting by head and not by status.

While all of the orders shared a common desire for fiscal and judicial reform as well as a more representative form of government, the nobles in particular were loath to give up the privileges they enjoyed under the traditional system.

Answer 2

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Causes of French Revolution :

• Absolute Monarchy
• Corrupt Leadership
• Unfair land distribution
• Unfair tax code
• Rigid social structure
• Privilege for first and second class
• Spread of enlightenment ideas
• Government debt i.e Deficit financing
• poor harvest
• inflation
• failure of Louis XVI to accept reforms
• Formation of national assembly
• Storming of Bastille
• Upkeep of Versailles
• high bread price
• Spanish civil war
• American war of Independence
• Evil influence of Marie Antonittee
• Churches were corrupt
• Cattle disease

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