Question

Characters that are transmitted from parents to offspring during reproduction show [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) only similarities with parents
(b) only variations with parents
(c) both similarities and variations with parents
(d) neither similarities nor variations

Answer 1

Answer:

(c) both similarities and variations with parents

Explanation:

Maximum will be similar to the parents but not identical as 50% of the genes will be the mother's side and rest from the father. This is because during the formation of gametes, the no. of chromosomes in the sex cell is halved due to reduction division and then, during the fusion of male and female sex cells, ie, fertilization, the crossing-over of the chromosomes takes place to form the zygote.

This is why, they are similar. Now, let's discuss that  why do variations occur.

Variations occur because the process of DNA copying is not 100% accurate. During DNA copying, some minor errors arise, which leads to variation, which is the raw material for evolution.