Question

Chemical test to distinguish between 1-propanol and 2-propanol

Answer 1

These are distinguished by Lucas reagent.

Answer 2

Lucas test is used to distinguish between 1-propanol and 2-propanol.

Explanation:

• The presence of zinc chloride in concentrated hydrochloric acid is called Lucas reagent
• Different types of alcohols react with Lucas reagent differently.
• The principle behind the interaction of Lucas reagent and alcohols are as follow:

1. Primary alcohol + Lucas reagent ⇒ No reaction at room temperature.
2. Secondary alcohol + Lucas reagent ⇒ Appearance of turbidity after 5 minutes.
3. Tertiary alcohol + Lucas reagent ⇒ Immediate appearance of turbidity.

• 1-propanol is a primary alcohol. When Lucas reagent is added to it, no reaction occurs at room temperature.
• 2-propanol is a secondary alcohol. Thus it forms turbidity after 5 minutes of adding Lucas reagent.

Learn more about such concept:

(a) Give a chemical test to distinguish between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons...

(b) (i) Name the products formed when ethanol burn in air?

(ii) What two forms of energy are liberated on burning alcohol?

(c) Why is the reaction between methane and chlorine considered a substitution reaction?

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