Question

chlorine gas +sodium metal-sodium chloride

Answer 1

★Ello ★

here is your answer !!

formula of clorine = Cl

Sodium metal = Na

sodium chloride = NaCl


hence ,

here is your answer =>


2 Na + Cl2 ===>2 NaCl


for balance we multiply 2 moles of Sodium

and 2 moles of NaCl ( sodium chloride )




this is ionic. bond , formed by exchange of Ions


hope it helps you dear !!

wanna to more inbox me !!


$thanks$

Answer 2

Sodium and Chlorine
Sodium and chlorine are both very reactive in their pre-ionic states. They will transfer electrons and (in dry conditions) form salts when they encounter each other. Each one will react with other elements if they don't find each other first, so they are seldom found in nature in their reactive states.

They usually arrive on our plates together as table salt (or it's dissolved ions). In our bodies, however, they aren't bound together as salt, but dissolve back into individual ions in water. And while they complement each other in many biological processes, they also have their separate roles to play.

We've already seen what happens when sodium and chloride combine. Now we'll look at each of them individually. First we'll examine them as reactive atoms, and see why they are toxic in this state. Then we'll look at them in their ionic form and find out why they have nutritional value.

The Sodium Atom

When most people think of sodium, they think of table salt. While table salt contains an ionized form of sodium (in combination with chloride), non-ionized "metallic" sodium has a very different set of chemical properties than the sodium ions in table salt. We examine the chemical properties of sodium in its reactive (toxic) state here, and look at sodium in its ionic (nutritional) state in the next section.

The sodium atom (Na) has eleven protons and eleven electrons, giving it a neutral (balanced) electrical charge. It has only one electron in its outer shell, however, which makes it chemically reactive. To be chemically stable it needs to have a full outer shell. It's easier to get rid of one outer electron than it is to aquire seven more electrons, so it looks to give up the electron.

The outer electrons of each sodium atom aren't desired by any of the sodium atoms, so a cloud of unwanted electrons form. The random motion of the electrons in this cloud cause shifts in the electrical properties of the individual atoms, which in turn cause the atoms to be mildly attracted to each other. These small electrical imbalances initiate metallic bonding at room temperature, causing the atoms to clump together into a soft metal you can cut with a knife.

The combination of metallic sodium atoms with each other is relatively uneventful. To understand why metallic sodium is so reactive, let's see what happens when it comes into contact with water.

Water (H2O) is a molecule consisting of two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to an oxygen atom. These bonds are formed because the oxygen atom needs two electrons to fill its outer shell, and each hydrogen atom needs one electron. The formation of the water molecule conveniently fills the outer shells of all three atoms, which is why water molecules form from the two gases.



Metallic sodium in Water
The molecular bonds formed by the hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are so weak they often break apart due to random thermal energy. So when sodium wants to get rid of its extra electron, water is an easy target. One of the hydrogen/oxygen bonds in water is easily broken, and the sodium atom donates its unwanted electron, filling the vacated space in oxygen's outer shell. Because the donated electron moved from a high energy state around sodium to a lower energy state around oxygen, extra energy is released. This ScienceFix video shows how explosive the chemical reaction can be.

The Sodium Ion

Table salt contains sodium in its ionic form. That's why it doesn't explode on contact with water, and why it has nutritional value. It complements the chloride ion because they have opposite charges which balance each other in many biological processes. Sodium also complements potassium, because while they are both positive ions, they are also chemically different. The chemical differences between sodium and potassium are useful in controlling diffusion across our cell membranes, while the electrostatic differences between sodium and chloride are important in maintaining an electrical imbalance across those same cell membranes. To see how sodium uses these differences to enable signal transmission in nerve and muscle cells, see the article on diffusion.

Sodium is an essential nutrient in animal cells, but it's possible to get too much of a good thing. While low sodium levels can cause muscle cramps due to nerve and muscle cells not being able to control signal transmission and reception, too much sodium can cause problems like high blood pressure.