Question

Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below.
(i) Which one of the following is the most widespread and most productive
category of soil?
(a) Alluvial Soil (c) Black Soil
(b) Laterite Soil (d) Forest Soil
(ii) ‘Regur Soil’ is another name for the.
(a) Saline Soil (c) Black Soil
(b) Arid Soil (d) Laterite Soil
(iii) Which one of the following is the main reason for the loss of the top soil
in India?
(a) Wind erosion (c) Excessive leaching
(b) Water erosion (d) None of these
(iv) Arable land in the irrigated zones of India is turning saline due to which
of the following reasons?
(a) Addition of gypsum (c) Over irrigation
(b) Over grazing (d) Use of fertilisers

Answer 1

Answer:

1. (a).......
2. (b).....
3. (b).....
4. (c).....

Answer 2

The correct answers are listed below:

Explanation:

• (i) The most productive and widespread soil is: (a) Alluvial Soil. In India,this type of soil is found primarily in the Indo-Gangetic-Bramhaputra plain and also in the Indus plain. This type of soil is very fertile and supports the growth of many crops including food crops like rice, wheat, etc.
• (ii) Another name for "Regur Soil" is (c) Black Soil. In India, it is widely present in Maharashtra and Gujarat. It is essential for cotton cultivation.
• (iii) In India the main reason for loss of top soil is (c) Excessive Leaching. Since India has a seasonal monsoon type of climate and monsoon is erratic, agriculture is highly dependent on irrigation. Excessive irrigation causes the minerals in the soil to get dissolved in water and are removed from the top soil.
• (iv) Salinity in soil is caused both due to (c) over irrigation. This is because the water used for irrigation contain minerals and salts that deposit in the soil, thereby increasing its salinity. Also, excessive use of fertilisers which are also made up of salts increases soil salinity.