Question

chromosomes are heredity carriers .why do we say so?

Answer 1

Heredity is passing the traits, physical character, sexual character from parent cells to daughter cells. For example, skin cells produce skin cells, eye cells replace eye cells etc (exception of being stem cells which can proliferate into different cells based on environment). 

These traits or characters that cells exhibit or carry are essentially due to cell structure, enzymes, cell wall channels etc which form to create tissues, organs, body parts etc. All of these are basically proteins on a high level. 

Chromosomes are made up of genes which are in turn made up of DNA. These DNA in ATGC code which carries code for different amino acids. These different amino acids cause the variations in the proteins that they made. These variations in proteins in turn create different traits or characters such as color, shape, size, functions etc. 

Thus, these traits are heredity and because these traits are characterized by underlying DNA, chromosomes which are made up of DNA, are commonly known heredity material. 

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Answer 2

Chromosomes are thread-like structures of nucleic acids and protein that are found in the nucleus of most living cells. They carry genetic information in the form of genes and are, therefore, called heredity carriers. The genes determine the characteristics of the offspring which have been passed on to them from the parents.