class 10 ch electricity bhai notes bhej do yrr jo bhi hai
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Answer:
Atomic Structure
An atom has a positively charged nucleus and negatively charged electrons revolving around it.
Valence electrons in metals are free to move within the conductor and constitute an electric current.
Charge
The charge is an intrinsic property of matter by virtue of which it can exert electromagnetic force.

Conductors and Insulators
A substance which offers comparatively less opposition to the flow of current is known as conductors and substances which offer larger opposition are insulators.
Electric Potential and Potential Difference
The electric potential at a point is defined as work done in bringing a unit positive charge from infinity to that point. The potential difference between two points is defined as the difference in electric potentials at the two given points.
Models of Electric Current
Electric Current(I)
Flow of electric charges is called electric current, i.e, I = Q / t
Electron sea model
Electric current in a solid conductor is due to drift of a ‘sea’ of free electrons, which are free to jump onto any neighbouring atom.

Drift velocity of Electron
Average velocity which an electron attains inside a metallic conductor due to the application of an electric field due to the potential difference.

Battery and its working
A cell is a source of potential difference, which is created inside it due to internal chemical reactions.
At anode: Cu(s)⇌Cu2+(aq)+2e−
At cathode: Ag(aq)+2e−⇌2Ag(s)
A combination of cells is called a battery.
Electric Circuit
Electric circuit and circuit diagram
A closed-loop path which a current takes is called an electric circuit.
Representation of an electric circuit through symbols is called a circuit diagram.