Class 10, Science 1, Lesson 2...
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Answer:
3Li, 14He, 11Na, 15P
Electronic configuration of the following elements is:
3Li = 2,1
14He =2,8,4
11Na = 2,8,1
15P = 2,8,5
14He, 11Na, 15P belong to the third period because according to their electronic configuration, each element contains three shell i.e. K,L,M.
b. 1H, 7N, 20Ca, 16S, 4Be, 18Ar
Electronic configuration of the following elements is:
1H = 1
7N = 2,5
20Ca = 2,8,8,2
16S = 2,8,6
4Be = 2,2
18Ar = 2,8,8
20Ca, 4Be belong to second group because these elements have 2 electrons in its outermost shell.
c. 7N, 6C, 8O, 5B, 13Al
Electronic configuration of the following elements is:
7N =2,5
6C = 2,4
8O = 2,6
5B = 2,3
13Al = 2,8,3
8O is the most electronegative element among these because electronegativity increases as we move from left to right in a period of the periodic table.
d. 4Be, 6C, 8O, 5B, 13Al
Electronic configuration of the following elements is:
4Be = 2,2
6C = 2,4
8O = 2,6
5B = 2,3
13Al = 2,8,3
13Al is the most electropositive element among these because 4Be, 6C, 8O, 5B belong to same period, but 13Al belong to next period. According to the trend, electropositive character of an elements increases as we move from top to bottom in a group of the periodic table. This happens as the tendency of an atom to lose electrons increases due to decrease in nuclear charge and increase in numbers of shell.
e. 11Na, 15P, 17Cl, 14Si, 12Mg
Electronic configuration of the following elements is:
11Na = 2,8,1
15P = 2,8,5
17Cl = 2,8,7
14Si = 2,8,4
12Mg = 2,8,2
11Na has largest size among these because according to the trend, atomic radius decreases as we move from left to right in a period of the periodic table. The atomic number of elements increases which means the number of protons and electrons in the atoms increases. Due to large positive charge on the nucleus, the electrons are pulled closer to the nucleus and the size of atom decreases.
f. 19K, 3Li, 11Na, 4Be
Electronic configuration of the following elements is:
19K = 2,8,8,1
3Li = 2,1
11Na = 2,8,1
4Be = 2,2
4Be has smallest atomic radius because 19K, 3Li, 11Na are present in same group 1 but Be is present in group 2. According to the trend, as we move from left to right atomic size of an atoms decreases. Due to large positive charge on the nucleus, the electrons are pulled closer to the nucleus and the size of atom decreases.
.
g. 13Al, 14Si, 11Na, 12Mg, 16S
Electronic configuration of the following elements is:
3Al = 2,8,3
14Si = 2,8,4
11Na = 2,8,1
12Mg = 2,8,2
16S = 2,8,6
11Na has the highest metallic character because metallic character of an elements decreases as we move from left to right in a modern periodic table. This happens as the tendency of an atom to lose electrons decreases due to gradual increase in the number of protons and nuclear charge.
h. 6C, 3Li, 9F, 7N, 8O
Electronic configuration of the following elements is:
6C = 2,4
3Li = 2,1
9F = 2,7
7N = 2,5
8O = 2,6
9F has the highest nonmetallic character because non-metallic character of an elements increases as we move from left to right in a period of the periodic table. This happens as the tendency of an atom to gain electrons increases due to increase in nuclear charge, the valence electrons are pulled in strongly by the nucleus and it becomes easier for an atom to gain electrons.
Answer:
a. 3Li, 14He, 11Na, 15P
Electronic configuration of the following elements is:
3Li = 2,1
14He =2,8,4
11Na = 2,8,1
15P = 2,8,5
14He, 11Na, 15P belong to the third period because according to their electronic configuration, each element contains three shell i.e. K,L,M.
b. 1H, 7N, 20Ca, 16S, 4Be, 18Ar
Electronic configuration of the following elements is:
1H = 1
7N = 2,5
20Ca = 2,8,8,2
16S = 2,8,6
4Be = 2,2
18Ar = 2,8,8
20Ca, 4Be belong to second group because these elements have 2 electrons in its outermost shell.
c. 7N, 6C, 8O, 5B, 13Al
Electronic configuration of the following elements is:
7N =2,5
6C = 2,4
8O = 2,6
5B = 2,3
13Al = 2,8,3
8O is the most electronegative element among these because electronegativity increases as we move from left to right in a period of the periodic table.
d. 4Be, 6C, 8O, 5B, 13Al
Electronic configuration of the following elements is:
4Be = 2,2
6C = 2,4
8O = 2,6
5B = 2,3
13Al = 2,8,3
13Al is the most electropositive element among these because 4Be, 6C, 8O, 5B belong to same period, but 13Al belong to next period. According to the trend, electropositive character of an elements increases as we move from top to bottom in a group of the periodic table. This happens as the tendency of an atom to lose electrons increases due to decrease in nuclear charge and increase in numbers of shell.
e. 11Na, 15P, 17Cl, 14Si, 12Mg
Electronic configuration of the following elements is:
11Na = 2,8,1
15P = 2,8,5
17Cl = 2,8,7
14Si = 2,8,4
12Mg = 2,8,2
11Na has largest size among these because according to the trend, atomic radius decreases as we move from left to right in a period of the periodic table. The atomic number of elements increases which means the number of protons and electrons in the atoms increases. Due to large positive charge on the nucleus, the electrons are pulled closer to the nucleus and the size of atom decreases.
f. 19K, 3Li, 11Na, 4Be
Electronic configuration of the following elements is:
19K = 2,8,8,1
3Li = 2,1
11Na = 2,8,1
4Be = 2,2
4Be has smallest atomic radius because 19K, 3Li, 11Na are present in same group 1 but Be is present in group 2. According to the trend, as we move from left to right atomic size of an atoms decreases. Due to large positive charge on the nucleus, the electrons are pulled closer to the nucleus and the size of atom decreases.
.
g. 13Al, 14Si, 11Na, 12Mg, 16S
Electronic configuration of the following elements is:
3Al = 2,8,3
14Si = 2,8,4
11Na = 2,8,1
12Mg = 2,8,2
16S = 2,8,6
11Na has the highest metallic character because metallic character of an elements decreases as we move from left to right in a modern periodic table. This happens as the tendency of an atom to lose electrons decreases due to gradual increase in the number of protons and nuclear charge.
h. 6C, 3Li, 9F, 7N, 8O
Electronic configuration of the following elements is:
6C = 2,4
3Li = 2,1
9F = 2,7
7N = 2,5
8O = 2,6
9F has the highest nonmetallic character because non-metallic character of an elements increases as we move from left to right in a period of the periodic table. This happens as the tendency of an atom to gain electrons increases due to increase in nuclear charge, the valence electrons are pulled in strongly by the nucleus and it becomes easier for an atom to gain electrons.
Explanation: