classification of hydrocarbon
Answers
Saturated Hydrocarbons: In these compounds, carbon-carbon atoms and carbon-hydrogen atoms are held together by single bonds. These single bonded compounds are the simplest hydrocarbons. These types of hydrocarbons don’t have double or triple bonds. In terms of hybridization, they have Sp3 hybridised carbon atom with no Sp2 or Sp hybridised Carbon atoms. They are together called as alkanes which have a general formula CnH2n+2. For example, CH4C3H6.
Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: These compounds consist of a single, double or a triple bond between carbon-carbon atoms. The double-bonded compounds are called alkenes and the triple bonded compounds are called alkynes. The general formula for alkenes is CnH2n and for alkynes the general formula is CnH2n-2.
Cycloalkanes: These hydrocarbons possess one or multiple carbon rings. The hydrogen atom is attached to the carbon ring.
Aromatic Hydrocarbons: These are also called as arenes. Arenes are compounds which consist of at least one aromatic ring.
Aliphatic Hydrocarbons: They are straight chain structures having no rings in them.
Alicyclic Hydrocarbons: They are hydrocarbons having a ring structure in them. The carbons atoms can be Sp, Sp2 or Sp3 hybridised
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⭐. Hydrocarbons are classified as a aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons.
⭐. Aliphatic hydrocarbons are again classified as open chain hydrocarbons and close chain hydrocarbons .
i.e , Cyclo hydrocarbons.
⭐. Both open chain and closed are again classified as hydrocarbons containing
1. C - C ( alkanes and cycloalkanes )
2. > c = c < ( alkenes and cycloalkens )
3. - c triple bond c - ( alkynes and cycloalkynes )