Question

classify the following into ferromagnetic antiferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic

Answer 1

(i) Ferromagnetism:–

Ferromagnetism: few substances like iron, cobalt, nickel, gadolinium and CrO2 are strongly attracted by a magnetic field. Such substances are known as ferromagnetic substances. These substances can be permanently magnetised with the help of strong electrostatic field.  The metal ions of ferromagnetic substances are grouped together into small regions called domains in solid state. So that each domain acts as a tiny magnet. The domains of  un magnetized piece of a ferromagnetic are randomly oriented so that their magnetic moments get cancelled out. When such substance is placed in a magnetic field, all the domains get oriented in the direction of the magnetic field  and a strong magnetic effect is produced. This ordering of domains remains same  even when the magnetic field is removed and the ferromagnetic substance becomes a permanent magnet.

(ii) Paramagnetism :–

few substances like O2, Cu2+, Fe3+, Cr3+  are weekly attracted by a magnetic field.

These substabces are magnetised in a magnetic field in the same direction. When we remove magnetic field ,they lose their magnetism. paramagnetism is takes place due to presence of one or more unpaired electrons. These unpaired electron are attracted by the magnetic field.

(iii)Ferrimagnetism:

 This effect is observed when the magnetic moments of the domains in the substance are aligned in parallel and anti–parallel directions in unequal numbers. Ferrimagnetic substances are weakly attracted by magnetic field as compared to ferromagnetic substances. Magnetite like Fe3O4  and ferrites like MgFe2O4 and ZnFe2O4 are examples 


of such substances. On heating these substances lose their ferrimagnetism and become paramagnetic.

(IV)Antiferromagnetism:

Antiferromagnetic substances  have domain structure similar to ferromagnetic substance. The domains of antiferromagnetic substance are oppositely oriented and cancel out each other's magnetic moment . Example MnO is a Antiferromagnetic substance.

Answer 2

Hey buddy,

● Complete question should be -
Q. Classify the following into ferromagnetic antiferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic
Fe₃O₄, CuFe₂O₄ , MnO₂ ,CrO₂, CrBr₃, MnCl₂ , CuFe₂O₄

● Answer -
Ferromagnetic => CrO₂, CrBr₃, MnCl₂
Anti-ferromagnetic => MnO₂
Ferrimagnetic => Fe₃O₄, CuFe₂O₄

● Ferromagnetic substances -
- Spins are aligned parallel in magnetic domains and are synergic.

● Anti-ferromagnetic substances -
- Spins are aligned anti-parallel in magnetic domains and cancel each other.

● Ferrimagnetic substances -
- Spins are aligned anti-parallel and dont cancel each other.

Hope this helped you...