Question

cleaning actions of soaps

Answer 1

⭕️Soaps and detergents are used for cleaning or removing all the dirts.

⭕️Soap has one polar end which consists with sodium or potassium ion at end and one non-polar end (the end with fatty acid chain).

⭕️The polar end is hydrophilic in nature whose end is attracted towards water.

⭕️The non-polar end is hydrophobic, it is attracted towards hydrocarbons, but not attracted towards water.

⭕️When soap is dissolved in water, its hydrophobic ends attach themselves to dirt and removes it from the cloth!!!!!!!!


⭕Firstly ️the molecules of soap arrange themselves in micelle formation and trap the dirt they are called micelles.

⭕️These micelles remain suspended in water.

⭕️The micelles present in water do not come together since we know that each micelle repels the other because of the ion-ion repulsion.

⭕️Thus, the dust particles remain trapped in micelles are easily rinsed away with water.

⭕️ Hence, soap micelles remove dirt by dissolving it in water.


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Answer 2

A soap has two parts :

(i) Head or the Hydrophilic end .

(ii) Tail or the Hydrophobic end

The hydrophilic end

⇒ The hydrophilic end of the soap is dissolved in water particularly because water is a polar solvent and that end is polar in nature .

⇒ However it does not react to the dirt.

The hydrophobic end

⇒ The hydrophobic end has an extended sticky end which attracts the dirt.

⇒ It helps to attach the dirt particles to itself.

⇒ Hence the head portion is dissolved in water and the dirt is attached to the tail thus separating the dirt from the cloth .

Note that the soap's head is a positive ion and the tail is made of fatty acids and hence the positive ion is easily soluble in water .

Hope it helps !

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