Climate ch 4 class 9 all available question answers
Answers
1. Find out why the houses in Rajasthan have thick walls and flat roofs.
Answer
Houses in Rajasthan have thick walls and flat roofs. The thick walls do not allow the heat to get into the houses while the flat roofs help to retain the little water that comes as rain in the desert.
2. Find out why is it that the houses in the Tarai region and in Goa and Mangalore have sloping roofs.
Answer
The houses in Tarai region, Goa and Mangalore have sloping roofs so that the rainwater due to heavy rains in these area flow off the roof.
3. Why are houses in Assam built on stilts?
Answer
The houses are built on stilts in Assam as there is danger of floods and wild animals in large areas of Assam.
4. Why most of the world’s deserts are located in the western margins of continents in the subtropics?
Answer
Most of the world’s deserts are located in the western margins of continents in the subtropics because trade winds that blow in the region shed their moisture on the eastern side.They become dry by the time they reach the western margin of the continent. Cold ocean currents also tend to stabilise the air over the coast and inhibit cloud formation.
5.What are jetstreams? How do they affect the climate? (Important)
Ans. Jetstreams are a narrow belt of high speed, high altitude, westerly winds in the troposphere.
Jetstreams are an important component of the upper air circulation. They are located at an
altitude of above 12000 metres. Their speed varies from 110 km/hr in summer to about 184
km/hr in winter.
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Class IX: Chapter 4 (Climate) Question & Answer
Q1. What are the controls affecting the climate of India?
Ans: Latitude, Altitude and Pressure & Winds are the main controls affecting the climate of India.
Q2. Why does India have a monsoon type of climate?
Ans: In India we find monsoon type of climate, following are the factors responsible for these monsoons:
(a) The differential heating and cooling of land and water.
(b) The shift of the position of Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ).
(c) Presence of high pressure in the east of Madagascar.
(d) The Tibetan plateau gets intensely heated during summers.
(e) Movement of westerly jet streams to the north of Himalayas and the presence of tropical
Q3. Which part of India does experience the highest diurnal range of temperature and why?
Ans: Diurnal range of temperature is the difference between maximum and minimum temperature of a day. Diurnal range of temperature is high in the deserts like Rajasthan, Thar Desert and interior parts of Rann of Kutch. In these sandy areas the day temperature may raise upto 50oC and by night the temperature drops down to nearly freezing point. This happens because during the day time, sand absorbs heat very fast and at the same time loses heat very fast at night.
Q4. Which winds account for rainfall along the Malabar coast?
Ans: Monsoon winds are accountable for rainfall along the Malabar coast.
Q5. What are Jet streams and how do they affect the climate of India?
Ans: Fast flowing and narrow air currents are called jet streams. The streams flow at high altitudes (about 12,000 feet) in the troposphere. The westerly jet streams are responsible for western cyclonic disturbances in the north and north-western parts of India. The subtropical westerly jet stream moves north of the Himalayas with the apparent movement of the sun. The tropical jet stream (an easterly jet stream) blows over the Indian Peninsula; approximately over 14° north during the summer months.
These jet streams are amongst one of the major factors in determining the movement of monsoons winds towards India sub-continent
. Q6. Define monsoons. What do you understand by "break" in monsoon?
Ans: The seasonal reversal in wind direction during a year is called monsoon. Monsoon tends to have 'breaks' in rainfall; which means that there are wet and dry spells in between. The monsoon rains take place only for a few days at a time and then come the rainless intervals
. Q7. Why the monsoon is considered a unifying bond?
Ans: Although there are wide variations in weather patterns across India, the monsoon brings some unifying influences on India. Following are few of the reasons why the monsoon is considered as a unifying bond in India:
(a) The Indian landscape, its flora and fauna, etc. are highly influenced by the monsoon.
(b) The entire agricultural calendar in India is governed by the monsoon.
(c) Most of the festivals in India are related to agricultural cycle. These festivals may be known by different names in different parts of the country, but their celebration is decided by the monsoon.
(d) It is also said that the river valleys which carry the rainwater also unite as a single river valley unit.
Q8. Why does the rainfall decrease from the east to the west in Northern India?
Ans: The Bay of Bengal branch of the monsoon winds moves towards northeast and return westwards covering the northern plains. While they move towards west, their moisture contains tends to reduce with subsequent rains. Hence the rainfall decreases from east to west in northern India.
Q9. Seasonal reversal of wind direction takes place over the Indian subcontinent?
Ans: Seasonal reversal of wind direction over the Indian subcontinent takes place due to pressure differential. El Nino has major role to play in the seasonal reversal of wind direction over the Indian subcontinent.
Q10. The bulk of rainfall in India is concentrated over a few months.
Ans: The monsoon begins from the first week of June and advances quite rapidly to cover almost the whole country by mid-July. Hence, the bulk of rainfall in India is concentrated over the months of a few months; mainly June to August.
Q11. The Tamil Nadu coast receives winter rainfall.
Ans: The Tami Nadu coast receives winter rainfall because of movement of low-pressure conditions to the Bay of Bengal.
Q12. The delta region of the eastern coast is frequently struck by cyclones.
Ans: The Bay of Bengal is the centre of various pressure changes and hence there is always a chance of development of cyclone. Due to this, the delta region of the eastern coast is frequently struck by cyclones.
Q13. Parts of Rajasthan, Gujarat and the leeward side of the Western Ghats are drought-prone.
Ans: The parts fall in the rain shadow area of the Aravalli. Hence, they are drought prone and don't receive much of rainfall.