Question

climatic conditions required for wheat and paddy

Answer 1

Wheat is crop of cool environment. However, it requires different temperatures at different stages of plant growth and development. Temperature requirement may slightly differ from one variety to another at the time of germination, however, general minimum  temperature  is required from 3.5-5.50 c and  optimum 20-250 and maximum temperature i 350 . On temperature below or above to optimum, germination of seed decreases slowly. If temperature is more than 300 c at the time of maturity it leads to force maturity and yield loss. Winter wheat bears cold waves and frost in a better way in comparison to spring wheat.
Rice is a crop of tropical climate. However, it is also grown successfully in humid to sub-humid regions under subtropical and temperate climate. Rice is cultivated in almost all types of soils with varying productivity. Under high temperature, high humidity with sufficient rainfall and irrigation facilities, rice can be grown in any type of soil. The major soil groups where rice is grown are riverine alluvium, red-yellow, red loamy, hill and sub-montane, Terai, laterite, costal alluvium, red sandy, mixed red and black and medium and shallow black soils.

Depending upon the climate and water availability rice is grown in all the three seasons, i.e. Kharif, Rabi and summer. Depending upon the variety crop duration vary from 100 to 150 days. In northern and western India (J and K, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Uttaranchal, Uttar Pradesh Gujrat, Rajasthan, Maharashtra) rice is grown mainly in Kharif, while in southern and eastern India it is grown round the year in three seasons with varying sowing tim