collect information of Chhatrapati Shivaji Nizam of Hyderabad of the 18th century India and write his achievement
Answers
Nizam is basically the tittle of the rulers of Hyderabad belonging to the Asaf Jah dynasty, which was of Turkish origin. Nizam is referred as the head of the state.
The Nizam introduced various reforms in Hyderabad that included establishing peace and security by suppressing the nobles, making efforts to reduce thefts and robberies, stopping the raid of the Marathas and reviving agriculture and other industries by giving incentives to farmers and craftsmen.
a. Shivaji laid the foundation of a Maratha kingdom with the support of powerful warrior families.
b. He established a very strong army and a well structured administration.
c. Shivaji used his strong army to challenge the Mughals in the peninsula.
d. He revived ancient Hindu political traditions and promoted the usage of Marathi and Sanskrit in courts.
Administration under Shivaji rule-
Shivaji was successful administrator.His council of eight ministers,called the ashtapradhan,counselled him on all important matters.The council consisted of the following ministers.
- Peshwa-head of the council and administration incharge .
- Senapati-army's commander -in-chief
- Nyayadhish-incharge of justice
- Majumdar-Incharge of finance
- Pant Sachiv- General Secretary
- Sumanta-Foreign affairs
- Mantri-head of intelligence
- Dandadhyaksha-Incharge of religious matters.
Revenue System :
Revenue System during the reign of Shivaji was quite an efficient one. Currency, trade tax and land revenue were the most important sources of the fixed income of Shivaji. Shivaji collected the chauth and sardeshmukhi from the territory which was either under his enemies or under his own influence. The revenue system of Shivaji was Ryotwari in which the state established direct contact with the peasants. The revenue system of Shivaji enhanced the prosperity of his subjects.
ACHIEVEMENT -
1. Conquests of forts of Torna, Raigarh, Purandar and Kondana etc.
2. Killing of Afzal Khan, the general of Bijapur through his great diplomatic and military skill.
ALSO,
Shivaji was successful in achieving his two aims -
(1) To protect Hinduism.
(2) To organize the Marathas under him to carve out an independent kingdom in Maharashtra.
The Nizam of Hyderabad who was also known as Asaf Jah was the king of the Hyderabad State.
Now it is divide to Telangana.
The Nizam of Hyderabad has governed after Aurangzeb's reign was over in 1707.
In the year 1724 Asaf Jah I had defeated Mubariz Khan has helped to establish the autonomy on the Deccan Suba.
He named the region as Hyderabad Deccan.