comment on technology development
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With the advent of the electronic computer and related technologies, a number of aids and devices have been developed ostensibly for the purpose of making life easier for blind people. Although it is true that technology can make life easier and more pleasant for all of us (witness the pocket calculator), it is equally true that technology can become a stumbling block that can make our lives unbearably complicated. Also, the inappropriate dependence upon certain forms of technology can cause us to neglect learning some rather basic and important skills.
Let's talk about reading and writing. Braille is the principal method of reading and writing used by blind people. Contrary to what some people think. Braille is an alternative that is not slower than, but comparable to, print. Thousands of successful blind men and women will tell you that competence in the reading and writing of Braille has played an important role in their success.
As parents of blind children, you have doubtless heard about a number of marvelous devices that help blind people to read print. Each unique piece of equipment has its own set of advantages and disadvantages. Each piece of equipment has its place in the general scheme of things; and depending on how it is used, can either help or hinder the development of your blind child. It is important to know what each device can do best, and what it does not do well or efficiently.
For example, all of the devices described below are slower and less efficient than Braille. Furthermore, the reader will experience physical strain and discomfort much more quickly with these reading aids than they would with Braille. These disadvantages make it undesirable to use these devices for lengthy or complex reading tasks. By and large, books and manuals are easier and faster to read and use in Braille. Another disadvantage is limited portability. Some are not portable at all, while others are similar to typewriters, projectors, etc. in ease of portability. However, even the most portable device is not practical for carrying around with you on a routine, daily basis. In other words, don't count on reading your restaurant menu with these. The significant advantage of all these reading devices is that they make a broader range of reading material immediately available to the reader. Letters, memos, newsletters, school handouts, assignment sheets, etc. are some of the kinds of reading matter these aids are most useful for. A reader can accomplish the same thing (and do it faster) but they cannot always be there when you need them.
The following discussion of some of the more well-known devices will serve to make these points clearer.
The Kurzweil Reading Machine converts print into synthesized speech. You can actually have the machine "speak" every printed word it sees. Although the Kurzweil does give your blind child access to most forms of printed material, you should remember that its purchase is not something that you will want to enter into lightly. The Kurzweil costs something like thirty-thousand dollars and is not at all portable. Also, it doesn't help your child to write print. That feat is accomplished either with a pencil or a typewriter. Of course, if your child wants to write Brialle, he or she uses the slate and stylus or the Braille writer. Then too, the Kurzweil machine cannot read handwritten materials. This is a limitation. Because of cost and size, these machines are most practical in libraries, schools and other institutional settings.
The optacon is a device that converts individual print letters into an array of vibrating pins that can be felt with one finger. Unlike the Kurzweil, the optacon is portable. It is, however, not as efficient as Braille in terms of speed. This is because the optacon presents letters one at a time, making it more difficult to recognize an entire word. Braille, which can be read with more than one finger (several, in fact), doesn't have this problem. The optacon is certainly cheaper (albeit slower) than the Kurzweil, costing something over three-thousand dollars. The optacon, like the Kurzweil, cannot be used to identify handwritten items.
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Let's talk about reading and writing. Braille is the principal method of reading and writing used by blind people. Contrary to what some people think. Braille is an alternative that is not slower than, but comparable to, print. Thousands of successful blind men and women will tell you that competence in the reading and writing of Braille has played an important role in their success.
As parents of blind children, you have doubtless heard about a number of marvelous devices that help blind people to read print. Each unique piece of equipment has its own set of advantages and disadvantages. Each piece of equipment has its place in the general scheme of things; and depending on how it is used, can either help or hinder the development of your blind child. It is important to know what each device can do best, and what it does not do well or efficiently.
For example, all of the devices described below are slower and less efficient than Braille. Furthermore, the reader will experience physical strain and discomfort much more quickly with these reading aids than they would with Braille. These disadvantages make it undesirable to use these devices for lengthy or complex reading tasks. By and large, books and manuals are easier and faster to read and use in Braille. Another disadvantage is limited portability. Some are not portable at all, while others are similar to typewriters, projectors, etc. in ease of portability. However, even the most portable device is not practical for carrying around with you on a routine, daily basis. In other words, don't count on reading your restaurant menu with these. The significant advantage of all these reading devices is that they make a broader range of reading material immediately available to the reader. Letters, memos, newsletters, school handouts, assignment sheets, etc. are some of the kinds of reading matter these aids are most useful for. A reader can accomplish the same thing (and do it faster) but they cannot always be there when you need them.
The following discussion of some of the more well-known devices will serve to make these points clearer.
The Kurzweil Reading Machine converts print into synthesized speech. You can actually have the machine "speak" every printed word it sees. Although the Kurzweil does give your blind child access to most forms of printed material, you should remember that its purchase is not something that you will want to enter into lightly. The Kurzweil costs something like thirty-thousand dollars and is not at all portable. Also, it doesn't help your child to write print. That feat is accomplished either with a pencil or a typewriter. Of course, if your child wants to write Brialle, he or she uses the slate and stylus or the Braille writer. Then too, the Kurzweil machine cannot read handwritten materials. This is a limitation. Because of cost and size, these machines are most practical in libraries, schools and other institutional settings.
The optacon is a device that converts individual print letters into an array of vibrating pins that can be felt with one finger. Unlike the Kurzweil, the optacon is portable. It is, however, not as efficient as Braille in terms of speed. This is because the optacon presents letters one at a time, making it more difficult to recognize an entire word. Braille, which can be read with more than one finger (several, in fact), doesn't have this problem. The optacon is certainly cheaper (albeit slower) than the Kurzweil, costing something over three-thousand dollars. The optacon, like the Kurzweil, cannot be used to identify handwritten items.
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