Question

Communities and population living together and interacting with physical and chemical elements of their environment--

Answer 1

we know that Every living organism on earth depends on and interacts with other living and non-living things to stay alive. Organisms depend on other organisms for food for example, and also depend on their environment for protection and a place to stay.

The ecological interactions that take place within a specific area are generally classified into four levels: populations, communities, ecosystems and the biosphere.


【 Look at the following illustration which shows the levels of organisation.】

Individuals live together in populations. Different populations together make up a community. Communities together with the non-living things in their surroundings make up an ecosystem. All the ecosystems on Earth make up the biosphere.

A population is a group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area at a specific point in time and they can interbreed with each other.
A community refers to all the populations of organisms that interact in a certain area. Community ecology is the study of how they interact.

The different populations interact with each other to form a community. When we look at how the communities interact with the non-living things in their environment, then we are looking at ecology at the ecosystem level.

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