Question

Compare and contrast between rutherford and bohr's model.

Answer 1

Rutherford’s atomic model:
(1)An atom consists of a positively charged, dense and very small nucleus containing all the protons and neutrons. Almost the entire mass of an atom is concentrated in the nucleus.
(2)The nucleus is surrounded by negatively charged electrons. The electrons are revolving around the nucleus in circular paths at very high speeds. The circular paths of the electrons are called orbits.
(3)The electrostatic attraction b/w the positively charged nucleus and negatively charged electrons holds the atom together.
(4)An atom is electrically neutral. This is because the number of protons and electrons in an atom is equal.
(5)Most of the atom is empty space.
 
 
Bohr’s atomic model:
(1)An atom is made up of three particles: electrons, protons, neutrons.
(2)The protons and neutrons are located in a small nucleus at the centre of the atom.
(3)The electrons revolve rapidly around the nucleus in fixed circular paths called energy levels or shells.
(4)There is a limit to the number of electrons which each energy level can hold.
(5)Each energy level is associated with a fixed amount of energy, the shell nearest to the nucleus having minimum energy and the shell farthest from the nucleus having the maximum energy.
(6)There is no change in the energy of electrons as long as they keep revolving in the same energy level, and the atom remains stable.

Answer 2

Answer:

Explanation:

 

Rutherford said that electrons revolve around the nucleus in rings.

photo

(from science.howstuffworks.com)

Bohr also said it but in a slightly modified way.

He said that the orbits could have only certain fixed sizes depending on their allowed energies.

In an address to the Physical Society of Copenhagen, Bohr stated,

   "It can be seen that it is impossible to employ Rutherford's atomic model so long as we confine ourselves exclusively to ordinary electrodynamics".

Bohr introduced the concept of electron shells.

Bohr did not prove that Rutherford was wrong. Rather, he improved and extended the Rutherford model.

There were two drawbacks to the Rutherford model.

•    It does not explain the hydrogen spectrum.
•    It does not obey Maxwell's equations, which predict that an orbiting electron should fall into the nucleus.

Bohr's model is a defined, expanded model of Rutherford's atom that overcomes these two drawbacks.

The basics are the same, i.e., electrons revolve around the nucleus in paths called orbits with the nucleus at the centre.

Bohr expanded on Rutherford's model in detail.