Question

compare the reactivity of vinyl halide and alkyl halide towards nucleophilic substitution reaction.
Please answer with correct points.
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Answer 1

Answer:

vinyl halide is more reactive towards nucleophilic reaction because of resonance

Answer 2

Alkyl halides are more reactive toward nucleophilic substitution reactions when compared to vinyl halides.

• The term Vinyl halides indicate the group $H_{2} C=CHX$, where $X$ is a halide.
• Alkyl halides have a general formula, $RCH_{3} X$.
• Nucleophilic substitution reactions involve the replacement of the halide with another nucleophile.
• The bond between carbon and the halide must be broken, leaving the carbon with a net positive charge. The easier the bond cleavage, the easier the attack of the incoming nucleophile.
• The carbon must be electron deficient for the attack of nucleophiles.
• In vinyl halides, there is a double bond between the two carbon atoms. As the halide is electron-withdrawing in nature, it attracts the π-electrons of the double bond, resulting in resonance.
• Due to resonance, there will be a partial double bond between chlorine and carbon, which makes the bond cleavage difficult.
• Also, the π-electrons of the double bond decrease the positive charge on the carbon.
• Hence, the vinyl halides are less reactive than alkyl halides towards nucleophilic substitution reactions.