Question

Condition for growth & distribution of wheat in the world

Answer 1

Distribution of production. The area sown to wheat in Victoria has been increasing over the last 10 years. At the last census, 2005, it was estimated that 1.3 million hectares were sown to wheat but the department estimates for more recent seasons indicate that 1.6 million hectares has been sown each year.

Answer 2

Conditions of Growth:

Wheat is a rabi crop which is sown in the beginning of winter and is harvested in the beginning of summer. The time of sowing and harvesting differs in different regions due to climatic variations.

The important factors affecting the productivity are seeding time and methodology, crop establishment and climatic conditions during the growing season.

1)Wheat is primarily a crop of mid-latitude grasslands and requires a cool climate with moderate rainfall.

2)The ideal wheat climate has winter temperature 10° to 15°C and summer temperature varying from 21°C to 26°C.

3) The temperature should be low at the time of sowing but as the harvesting time approaches higher temperatures are required for proper ripening of the crop. But sudden rise in temperature at the time of maturity is harmful.

4)Wheat thrives well in areas receiving an annual rainfall of about 75 cm. Annual rainfall of 100 cm is the highest limit of wheat cultivation. The isohyet of 100 cm marks the boundary between wheat growing areas on one hand and rice growing areas on the other.

5) wheat can be grown in a variety of soils, well drained fertile, friable loams and clay loams are the best suited soils for wheat cultivation. It also grows well in the black soil of the Deccan plateau.

Production:
Wheat is one of the most important crops to humankind as it is a staple of many diets around the world. China produces more wheat than any other country, followed by India, Russia, and the United States.