congress of Vienna in 1815 how many states were set up in Europe
Answers
The Congress of Vienna convened to re-map post-Napoleonic Europe and prevent the rebuilding of a strong France. By February 1815, delegates from the European great powers and several other European countries had, through heated compromises, created a new map of Europe. Amongst other provisions, Russia retained most of the Napoleonic duchy of Poland (called ‘Congress Poland’), but could not unite it with the parts of Poland Russia had already acquired in the 1790s. The Republic of Cracow, a city-republic created by the Congress of Vienna, included the city of Cracow and its surrounding area, and was controlled by Russia, Prussia and Austria. It became a centre for Polish nationalist agitation. Prussia received the province of Posen and most of Saxony, as well as parts of the Rhineland and northwestern Germany. The new border states of the Netherlands were created as a buffer zone to France. Germany was turned into a confederation of 39 states, replacing the Holy Roman Empire, with the number of German principalities streamlined from 360 to 38. Switzerland was made into a neutral territory, while Austria was given several Alpine territories, Lombardy and the Dalmatian coast. Great Britain was given several overseas territories. In March 1815, Napoleon escaped from exile in Elba, but was decisively defeated at Waterloo, leading to further territorial changes under the Peace of Paris in June 1815.
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DATE
September 1814 - June 9, 1815
LOCATION
Austria
Vienna
PARTICIPANTS
Austria
France
Portugal
Prussia
Russia
Spain
Sweden
United Kingdom
KEY PEOPLE
Alexander I
Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh
Ercole Consalvi
Emmerich Joseph von Dalberg, duke de Dalberg
Hans Christoph, baron von Gagern
Karl August von Hardenberg
Klemens, Fürst von Metternich
Matija Nenadović
Hans Reinhard
Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand, prince de Bénévent
RELATED TOPICS
Austria
Prussia
Russia
Sweden
Switzerland
Congress of Vienna, assembly in 1814–15 that reorganized Europe after the Napoleonic Wars. It began in September 1814, five months after Napoleon I’s first abdication and completed its “Final Act” in June 1815, shortly before the Waterloocampaign and the final defeat of Napoleon. The settlement was the most-comprehensive treaty that Europe had ever seen.