Question

conversion of energy in hydroelectric power plant

Answer 1

A hydroelectric power station converts the kinetic energy of flowing or falling water into electrical energy that can be used in homes and businesses. Hydroelectric power can be generated on a small scale with a ‘run-of-river’ installation, which uses naturally flowing river water to turn one or more turbines, or on a large scale with a hydroelectric dam.

A hydroelectric dam straddles a river, blocking its progress downstream. Water collects on the upstream side of the dam, forming an artificial lake known as a reservoir (1). Damming the river converts its kinetic energy into potential energy – the reservoir becomes a sort of battery, storing energy that can be released a little at a time. Some reservoirs are also used as boating lakes or for drinking water.

The reservoir’s potential energy is converted back into kinetic energy by opening underwater gates or intakes (2) in the dam. When an intake opens, the immense weight of the reservoir forces water through a channel called the penstock (3) towards a turbine. The water rushes past the turbine, hitting its blades and causing it to spin, converting some of the water’s kinetic energy into mechanical energy. The water then finally flows out of the dam and continues its journey downstream



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Answer 2

in this kinetic energy is converted into machenical energy