convert methanol to methylal
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Abstract
The catalytic reaction of methanol with formaldehyde for the preparation of methylal was investigated in various Brønsted acid ionic liquids with different carbon chain length of alkyl groups. The structures, acidities, and properties of ionic liquids were experimentally characterized and theoretically analyzed. The Brønsted acidity–viscosity–activity correlation for the ionic liquids was studied. Among all these ionic liquids, [C6ImBS][HSO4] exhibited the best catalytic performance, which was ascribed to its strong Brønsted acidity and low viscosity. The catalytic activity of the ionic liquid was near that of concentrated sulfuric acid. The influences of ionic liquid dosage, reaction temperature and molar ratio of methanol to formaldehyde were explored using [C6ImBS]HSO4 as the catalyst. Under the optimal conditions of n(methanol) : n(formaldehyde) : n(ILs) = 2.5 : 1 : 0.0258, 60 °C, and 4 h, the conversion of formaldehyde can reach 63.37%. The ionic liquid [C6ImBS]HSO4 could be reused.
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Answer:
Dimethoxymethane or DMM is a versatile chemical with applications in many industries such as paints, perfume, pharmacy, and fuel additives. DMM can be produced through the reaction of methanol and formaldehyde in the presence of acid catalysts or, directly, through the selective oxidation of methanol over catalysts with redox and acid functionalities. In terms of sustainability, the so-called bio-methanol derived from syngas obtained via biomass gasification can be used in DMM synthesis. In this review article, we have condensed and classified the research outputs published over the past decade aimed at producing DMM from methanol over different types of catalysts. The majority of studies described the reaction of methanol to DMM in a promising way using heterogeneous catalysts in the gas phase for the ease of product and catalyst recovery as well as suitability for continuous processing. Likewise, the influence of parameters including catalyst component, feed composition, and temperature on the performance of catalysts utilised in DMM production is analysed and discussed. Further, some perspectives concerning the evolution of potential DMM market with respect to the characteristics of the best catalyst materials for high DMM productivity are expressed.