Question

Convert propan-1-ol to propan-2-ol

Answer 1

propan 1 ol + con. H2SO4 ------> propene + H2O

then
propene + H2O ------> propan 2ol

Answer 2

Conversion of propan-1-ol to propan-2-ol

Aim:

To convert propan-1-ol to propan-2-ol

Things required:

• Concentrated sulfuric acid $(H_2SO_4)$
• Water

Process involved:

1. Dehydration of propan-1-ol to propene.
2. Hydrolysis of propene to propan-2-ol

Steps:

1. Dehydration of propan-1-ol to propene.

• When propan-1-ol is treated with concentrated sulfuric acid $(H_2SO_4)$ the phenomenon called dehydration occurs due to which a water molecule from propan-1-ol gets eliminated.
• Due to this propan-1-ol gets converted into propene. The reaction involved is as follows:

$\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH} \stackrel{\mathrm{Conc} \cdot \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}=\mathrm{CH}_{2}$

2. Hydrolysis of propene to propan-2-ol

• Propene can be hydrolyzed to propan-2-ol in accordance with mechanism called as Markownikoffs addition.
• It states that when an unsymmetrical reagent the negative part of the reagent gets attached itself to the carbon atom of the alkene which has less number of hydrogen atoms.
• In this case, the unsymmetrical reagent used in $H_2O$ which is composed of $H^+$ and $OH^-$ part.
• Due to hydrolysis of water, the negative part attaches itself to the propene and thus convert it as propan-2-ol.
• The reaction involved is as follows:

$C H_{3}-C H=C H_{2} \stackrel{H_{2} O}{\longrightarrow} C H_{3}-C H_{2}-O H-C H_{3}$

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