Convert Propanoic acid to Butanoic acid
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So, first reduce propanoic acid (CH3CH2COOH) with Lithium Aluminum Hydride (LAH) to propanol (CH3CH2CH2OH). Convert propanol to propyl bromide (CH3CH2CH2Br) with phosphorus tribromide (PBr3). Make the Grignard reagent of propyl bromide with magnesium (to make CH3CH2CH2MgBr) and then react it with carbon dioxide.
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Answer :
First reduce propionic acid to propanal
CH3CH2COOH>CH3CH2CHO
CH3CH2CHO+HCN=CH3CH2CHOHCN
On hydrolysis gives CH3CH2CH2COOH+ NH3
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