Question

Crature had played in important role in development of nationalism durring 18th and 19th centurey suppart statement

Answer 1

Culture played an important role in creating the idea of the nation: art and poetry, stories and music helped express and shape nationalist feelings. effort was to create a sense of a shared collective heritage, a common cultural past, as the basis of a nation. Other Romantics such as the German philosopher Johann Gottfried Herder (1744-1803) claimed that true German culture was to be discovered among the common people – das volk. It was through folk songs, folk poetry and folk dances that the true spirit of the nation (volksgeist) was popularised. So collecting and recording these forms of folk culture was essential to the project of nation-building.
The emphasis on vernacular language and the collection of local folklore was not just to recover an ancient national spirit, but also to carry the modern nationalist message to large audiences who were mostly illiterate. This was especially so in the case of Poland, which had been partitioned at the end of the eighteenth century by the Great Powers – Russia, Prussia and Austria. Even though Poland no longer existed as an independent territory, national feelings were kept alive through music and language. Karol Kurpinski, for example, celebrated the national struggle through his operas and music, turning folk dances like the polonaise and mazurka into nationalist symbols.
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Answer 2

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Culture played an important role in creating the idea of a nation in Europe in the following ways.

1. Art, music, literature and drama helped to express, shape and strengthen nationalist sentiments.

2. Romantics like the German philosopher Johann Gottfried Herder held the view that true German culture could be discovered only among the common people, the das volk.

3.Glorification of reason and science was criticised by the romantic artists, rather they favoured emotions, intuitions and mystical feelings.

4.Language too boosted nationalism. The Polish people opposed the Russian occupation and the ban on Polish language, by using it in the Church gathering for all religious ceremonies and for religious instruction. The Polish language became a weapon of the nationalists.

5.Two Germans, Grimm Brothers, used stories and folktales written in German to promote the German spirit against the domination of the French.

6.Operas and music, like that of Karol Kurpinski, kept alive the national spirit.

7.Folk dances like the polonaise and mazurki became national symbols.