CROPS Cropping season, Temperature Rainfall, Type of soil ,1. F1.Feature ,2.Feature ,Major producing states.< name this for every crop>
1 RICE
2 WHEAT
3 JOWAR
4 BAJRA
5 RAGI
6 MAIZE
7 PULSES
8 SUGARCANE
9 GROUNDNUT
10 TEA
11 COFFEE
Answers
Kharif Crops
The word “Kharif” is Arabic for autumn since the season coincides with the beginning of autumn or winter. As cultivation of these crops happens in the monsoon season, another name for Kharif crop is monsoon crop. The Kharif season differs in every state of the country but is generally from June to September. We sow the crop at the beginning of the monsoon season around June and harvest by September or October. Rice, maize, bajra, ragi, soybean, groundnut, cotton are all Kharif crops.
As mentioned before, India is the second-largest producer of rice in the world after China. India accounts for approximately 20% of the worlds rice production. It is arguably the most important agricultural crop that grows in the country. Rice is a staple food pan India, and its cultivation is also widespread across the country.
Rice prominently grows in high rainfall areas. It requires average temperatures of 25°c and a minimum of 100 cms of rainfall. It’s traditionally grown in waterlogged rice paddy fields. Northeast plains and coastal areas are the major rice-producing areas of the country.
Maize
After rice and wheat, maize is the most important cereal crop in India. It accounts for approximately one-tenth of the total agricultural produce in India. Cultivation of maize is focused in the regions of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka. It requires temperatures in the range of 21°c to 27°c and rainfall of between 50 cms to 75 cms.
Rabi Crops
The Arabic translation of the word”Rabi”, is spring. As these crops harvest in the springtime hence the name. The Rabi season usually starts in November and lasts up to March or April. Cultivation of Rabi crop is mainly through irrigation since monsoons are already over by November. In fact, unseasonal showers in November or December can ruin the crop. Farmers sow the seeds at the beginning of autumn, which results in a spring harvest. Wheat, barley, mustard and green peas are some of the major rabi crops that grow in India.
Wheat
Crops - Wheat
India is the second-largest producer of wheat in the world. It is highly dependent on this rabi crop for its agricultural income. Wheat is a staple food among Indians, especially in the northern regions.
Wheat requires cool temperatures during its growing season in the range of about 14°c to 18°c. Rainfall of about 50 cms to 90 cms is most ideal. However, during harvesting season in the spring, wheat requires bright sunshine and slightly warmer weather. Uttar Pradesh is the largest wheat-growing state in India closely followed by Punjab and Haryana.
Mustard
Mustard belongs to the ‘Cruciferae’ family. The oil extracted from mustard is edible, and so, in India, we use mustard for cooking purposes. It requires a subtropical climate to grow which is dry and cool weather. The temperature range to grow mustard is between 10°c to 25°c. Rajasthan has the largest production of mustard in India.
Zaid Crops
There is a short season between Kharif and Rabi season in the months of March to July. In general, Zaid crops are crops that grow in this season. Also, these grow on irrigated lands. So we do not have to wait for monsoons to grow them. Some examples of Zaid crops are pumpkin, cucumber, bitter
Kharif Crops Rabi Crops
They are monsoon crops They are non-monsoon crops
These are grown in wet and hot conditions These crops require cold and relatively dry conditions to grow
Sowing of seeds begins in the rainy season around July Rabi seeds are sown at the beginning of autumn in November or December
Harvesting is done in September – October Harvesting happens in June – July
Examples: Rice, Maize, Bajra etc Examples: Wheat, Mustard, Peas
Solution: Well it is not sowing of seeds. The first step of farming & agriculture is soil preparation.
Read the Process of Soil Preparation here.
FAQ’s for You
Q1. What are the various types of crops grown in village Palampur?
Answer:
In Palampur, all land is cultivated and no land is left idle. Farmers grow three different crops in a year with the help of well-developed system of irrigation and electricity facility:
(i) During the rainy season (kharif) farmers grow jowar and bajra. These plants are used as cattle feed.
(ii) It is followed by cultivation of potato between October and December.
(iii) In the winter season (rabi), fields are sown with wheat. The wheat produced is used for farmer’s family and to sell the surplus wheat at the market at Raiganj.
(iv) Sugar cane is harvested once every year. Sugarcane, in its raw form, or as jaggery, is sold to shahpur
Answer:
Intensive Subsistence Farming
This is yet another variation of subsistence farming. In this method, cultivation happens across larger areas of land and thus, it is labor intensive. Also, to get a high quantity of produce chemical fertilizers and different irrigation methods are used to yield more crops.