D. Very short answer questions:
1. What is a continental drift?
2. Who proposed the continental drift theory?
3. Name the major gases of the atmosphere.
4. Why is oxygen considered the most important gas?
5. Which gas exist in atmosphere in a large amount.
E. Short answer questions:
1. What do you mean by a Rock cycle?
2. Give example of different types of volcanoes.
3. What do you understand by the word climate?
4. What factors affect the climate of a place?
5. What are the local wind?
F. Long questions:
1. Why does an earthquake occur?
2. Write the names of atmospheric layers and discuss any two.
Answers
Answer:
Ans1. Continental drift is the hypothesis that the Earth's continents have moved over geologic time relative to each other, thus appearing to have "drifted" across the ocean bed. The speculation that continents might have 'drifted' was first put forward by Abraham Ortelius in 1
Ans2: scientist Alfred Wegener
Ans3: Nitrogen — 78 percent.
Oxygen — 21 percent.
Argon — 0.93 percent.
Carbon dioxide — 0.04 percent.
Trace amounts of neon, helium, methane, krypton and hydrogen, as well as water vapor.
Ans4: Scientists estimate that 50-80% of the oxygen production on Earth comes from the ocean. The majority of this production is from oceanic plankton — drifting plants, algae, and some bacteria that can photosynthesize. One particular species, Prochlorococcus, is the smallest photosynthetic organism on Earth
Ans5. Nitrogen
Short answer questions:
Ans1: The rock cycle is a concept used to explain how the three basic rock types are related and how Earth processes, over geologic time, change a rock from one type into another. Plate tectonic activity, along with weathering and erosional processes, are responsible for the continued recycling of rocks.
Ans2: Cinder Cone Volcanoes: These are the simplest type of volcano. ...
Composite Volcanoes: Composite volcanoes, or stratovolcanoes make up some of the world's most memorable mountains: Mount Rainier, Mount Fuji, and Mount Cotopaxi, for example. ...
Shield Volcanoes: ...
Lava Domes:
Ans3: the weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period.
Ans4: Climate is determined by the temperature and precipitation characteristics of a region over time. The temperature characteristics of a region are influenced by natural factors such as latitude, elevation, and the presence of ocean currents.
Ans:5 Local winds are winds that blow over a limited area. Local winds blow between small low and high pressure systems.
Long questions:
Ans1: An earthquake is caused by a sudden slip on a fault. ... When the stress on the edge overcomes the friction, there is an earthquake that releases energy in waves that travel through the earth's crust and cause the shaking that we feel. In California there are two plates - the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate.
Ans2: Layers of the atmosphere
The Troposphere. This is the lowest part of the atmosphere - the part we live in. ...
The Stratosphere. This extends upwards from the tropopause to about 50 km. ...
The Mesosphere. The region above the stratosphere is called the mesosphere. ...
The Thermosphere and Ionosphere. ...
The Exosphere. ...
The Magnetosphere.
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Explanation:
1) The gradual movement of the contents across the earth's surface geological time
2)Wegener suggested that perhaps rotation of the earth caused the continents to shift to wards and apart from each other
3). Nitrogen _78 percent
. oxygen_ 21 Percent
Argon_ 0.93 percent
Carbon dioxide _ 0.04; percent
Trace amounts of neon, helium methane krpton and hydrogen ,as well as water vapour
4) climate is determined by the temperature and precipitation characteristics of a region overtime
5)local winds or winds that blow over a limited area local winds blow between small low and high pressure high systems are influenced by local geography nearest to and ocean, lake on mountain range can affect local winds