Question

Define acids ? Define bases ?

Answer 1

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▶Define Acids.

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Acids are a molecule or other species which can donate a proton or accept an electron pair in reactions. The word 'acid' is derived from the Latin word 'acidus' which means sour. All acid elements have a few things in common i.e all are sour in taste, they turn blue litmus paper to red, and lose their acidity if they’re combined with alkaline substances.

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▶Define bases.

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Bases are substances that slippery to touch when in aqueous form. They taste bitter and change the color of red litmus paper to blue.

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Answer 2

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$\bf\green{Acids :}$ Acids are those chemical substances which taste are sour in taste and changes the colour of blue litmus solution to red.

$\bf{Properties\:of\:Acids :}$

• Acids are sour in taste.
• Acids turn blue litmus to red.
• Acids solutions are electrolytes (conducts electricity).
• They can react with metals to form hydrogen gas.
• If pH < 7, solution is acidic.

$\bf{Example :}$

1. Vinegar - Acetic acid.
2. Orange and lemon - Citric acid.
3. Curd - Lactic acid.
4. Tamarind - Tartaric acid.
5. Tomato - Oxalic acid.

$\bf\green{Bases :}$ Bases are the chemical substances. They are bitter in taste.

$\bf{Properties\:of \:bases :}$

• They are bitter in taste.
• Bases feel soapy to touch.
• Bases turns red litmus to blue.
• They are electrolytes.
• They react with acids to form salt and water.
• Bases can react with metals to create hydrogen gas.

$\bf{Examples :}$

1. Sodium hydroxide - soap and paper.
2. Calcium hydroxide - bleaching powder
3. Magnesium hydroxide - Antacids
4. Sodium carbonate - Wasting soda
5. Sodium hydrogencarbonate - baking powder