Question

define an acid and base according to Arrhenius theory​

Answer 1

$\huge{\underline{\underline{\pink{\tt{Answer :}}}}}$

$\longrightarrow$ According to the Arrhenius theory , The substance which give  hydrogen ion on hydrolysis in aqueous Solution are called Acid.

$\bigstar$ $\red{\underline{\sf{Example :}}}$

$\mapsto \sf{HCL_{(aq)} \longrightarrow H_{(aq)}^{+} + Cl_{(aq)}^{-}}$

$\mapsto \sf{HN0_{3}_{(aq)} \longrightarrow H_{(aq)}^{+} + NO_{3}_{(aq)}^{-}}$

$\longrightarrow$ According to the Arrhenius theory , The Substance which give hydroxide ion on hydrolysis in aqueous solution are called Base.

$\bigstar \red{\underline{\sf{Example :}}}$

$\mapsto \sf{KOH_{(aq)} \longrightarrow K_{(aq)}^{+} + OH_{(aq)}^{-}}$

$\mapsto \sf{NH_{4}OH_{(aq)} \longrightarrow NH_{4}_{(aq)} + OH_{(aq)}^{-}}$

$\rule{200}1$

$\huge{\underline{\purple{\mathfrak{Extra\:Knowledge\:About\:Arrhenius\:Theory:}}}}$

$\longrightarrow$ Arrhenius defined acids and bases in 1887.

$\longrightarrow$ According to Arrhenius on reaction Between acid and base means $\red{\sf{H^{+}}}$ and $\red{\sf{OH^{-}}}$ combine with others to form $\red{\sf{H_{2}O}}$.This is known as Neutralization Reaction .In this Reaction heat energy also released then it is Exothermic Reaction.

$\huge{\underline{\purple{\mathfrak{Limitation :}}}}$

$\longrightarrow$ This Theory was suitable for those acids and base which contain $\red{\sf{H^{+}}}$ and  $\red{\sf{OH^{-}}}$ ions .

$\longrightarrow$ It cannot explain the nature of such molecules which do not posses $\red{\sf{H^{+}}}$ or  $\red{\sf{OH^{-}}}$ .

Answer 2

According to Arrhenius, the theory of acid gives hydrogen ions and the base gives hydroxyl ions.

• According to the Arrhenius concept of acid-base theory, an acid is defined as a species that gives hydrogen ions on hydrolysis in an aqueous solution.
• According to the Arrhenius concept of acid-base theory, a base is defined as a species that gives hydroxyl ions on hydrolysis in an aqueous solution.

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