Define animal husbandry. List any three basic aspects covered by animal husbandry. (a) mentiion any two basic requirements of shelter facilities for animals so that their health is not affected: Give two examples of Exotic breeds of cows which is sselected for long lactation period.
Answers
Animal-based farming includes cattle, goat, sheep, poultry and fish farming.
a)
Proper cleaning and shelter facilities for cows and buffaloes are required for humane farming, for the health of the animals and for production of clean milk as well. Animals require regular brushing to remove dirt and loose hair. They should be sheltered under well-ventilated roofed sheds that protect them from rain, heat and cold. The floor of the cattle shed needs to be sloping so as to stay dry and to facilitate cleaning.
The food requirements of dairy animals are of two types: (a) maintenance requirement, which is the food required to support the animal to live a healthy life, and (b) milk producing requirement, which is the type of food required during the lactation period.
Cattle suffer from a number of diseases. The diseases, besides causing death, reduce milk production.
Vaccinations are given to farm animals against many major viral and bacterial diseases.
b) Exotic or foreign breeds (for example, Jersey, Brown Swiss) are selected for long lactation periods, while local breeds (for example, Red Sindhi, Sahiwal) show excellent resistance to diseases. The two can be cross-bred to get animals with both the desired qualities.✭✮ӇЄƦЄ ƖƧ ƳƠƲƦ ƛƝƧƜЄƦ✮✭
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Animal Husbandry➫ A branch of agriculture that deals with the farming & management of domestic animals for their economic utilisation.
♦ Ex:- Bee-keeping
Cattle Farming➫ The process of raising Cattle from birth until the point at which they provide food & milk for consumption.
➧ Types 0f Animal Husbandry:-
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❱ Cattle Farming
❱ Poultry Farming
❱ Pisciculture
❱ Apiculture
➧ Benefits of Animal Husbandry:-
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❱ It helps in proper management of the domestic animals.
❱ It helps in producing good quality of breeds.
❱ It helps in proper management & sale of Animals products.
❱ They helps us in providing proper feed, proper shelter h protection against diseases to the domestic animals.
❱ They helps us in developing high yielding breeds of various domestic animals.
➧ Animal Husbandry Includes:-
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[1] Cattle Farming:-
❱ For Milk Production.
[2] Poultry Farming:-
❱ For eggs & Milk production.
[3] Fish Farming:-
❱ For Inland & Marine Fishes.
[4] Bee-Keeping:-
❱ For Honey & Wax.
[5] Pig Farming:-
❱ For Meat Production.
➧ Animals are broadly divided into two categories:-
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[1] Milch Animals:-
❱ These include all the animals that are kept for obtaining milk.
[2] Draught Animals:-
❱ These animals are basically used for the purposes of agriculture & transportation.
➧ Components of the cattle feed:-
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[1] Roughage:-
❱ It is largely composed of fibres like - green fodder & legumes like - berseem & cowpea.
[2] Concentrates:-
❱ This food is basically low in fibres but has relatively higher levels of proteins & other nutrients.
➧ Diseases 0f Cattle are:-
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❱ Parasitic disease could be external parasites are tick mite, lice or internal parasites like worms.
❱ Communicable diseases that are caused by pathogens like - bacteria & viruses.
❱ Non-communicable diseases that are caused due to deficiency of nutrients or malfunctioning of body organs.
➧ Symptoms 0f Sick Animals are:-
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❱ The animal becomes inactive & stops eating food.
❱ It gets away from the other animals & may have fever & shiver.
❱ The dung may be loose & the urine may colored change.
➧ Prevention 0f Cattle Disease are:-
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❱ Keep the animals in spacious, cleaned & airy shelter.
❱ Feed the animals with nutritious feed.
❱ Vaccinate the animals at regular intervals.
❱ Isolation of sick animals is atmost important.
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