define Dalton atomic theory in easy way
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Dalton's atomic theory was the first complete attempt to describe all matter in terms of atoms and their properties.
Dalton based his theory on the law of conservation of mass and the law of constant composition.
The first part of his theory states that all matter is made of atoms, which are indivisible.
The second part of the theory says all atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties.
The third part says compounds are combinations of two or more different types of atoms.
The fourth part of the theory states that a chemical reaction is a rearrangement of atoms.
Parts of the theory had to be modified based on the discovery of subatomic particles and isotopes
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11th
Chemistry
Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
Dalton's Atomic Theory
Dalton's Atomic Theory - Ba...
Dalton's Atomic Theory - Basic
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DALTON'S ATOMIC THEORY - DEFINITION
According to Daltons atomic theory, all matter, whether an element, a compound or a mixture is composed of small particles called atoms. The postulates of this theory may be stated as follows:
(i) All matter is made of very tiny particles called atoms.
(ii) Atoms are indivisible particles, which cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.
(iii) Atoms of a given element are identical in mass and chemical properties.
(iv) Atoms of different elements have different masses and chemical properties.
(v) Atoms combine in the ratio of small whole numbers to form compounds.
(vi) The relative number and kinds of atoms are constant in a given compound.
MODERN ATOMIC THEORY - DEFINITION
Atoms are divisible into protons, electrons, and neutrons. Atoms of the same element may not be alike in all respects. Isotopes have been discovered which are atoms of the same element differing in properties.
QUESTIONS ON DALTON'S ATOMIC THEORY - DEFINITION
C+O→CO; C:O = 12:16.
C+O
2
→CO
2
; C:O = 12:32
Mass of C is fixed that is 12 gm which combines with different mass of oxygen, i.e. 16 gm in CO
and 32 gm in CO
2
.Here, the ratio of weight of oxygen in two cases is 16:32 = 1:2. This is a simple whole multiple ratio. Hence, this example follows the law of multiple proportions.
chem the theory that matter consists of indivisible particles called atoms and that atoms of a given element are all identical and can neither be created nor destroyed. Compounds are formed by combination of atoms in simple ratios to give compound atoms (molecules).