Question

define derive capillarity and viscosity and give their application in daily life.

Answer 1

Answer:

Capillary action (sometimes capillarity, capillary motion, capillary effect, or wicking) is the ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces without the assistance of, or even in opposition to, external forces like gravity. The effect can be seen in the drawing up of liquids between the hairs of a paint-brush, in a thin tube, in porous materials such as paper and plaster, in some non-porous materials such as sand and liquefied carbon fiber, or in a biological cell. It occurs because of intermolecular forces between the liquid and surrounding solid surfaces. If the diameter of the tube is sufficiently small, then the combination of surface tension (which is caused by cohesion within the liquid) and adhesive forces between the liquid and container wall act to propel the liquid.[1]

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Derive capillarity and viscosity and give their application in daily life.

Viscosity

• It is the  resistance possessed  by the liquid internally .
• The liquids which do not flow rapidly have strong forces .
• The liquid which flows rapidly do not have that much inter-molecular force .
• Due to these forces ,there is the laminar flow that is regular gradation in velocity from top to bottom .
• It is given by relation that is attached below .

It depends upon :

Nature of liquid : more viscous  is the fluid , more is the viscosity.

Temperature : With increase in temperature,Viscosity decreases .

Capillary action

Capillary action occurs due to the phenomenon "surface tension ".

Surface tension

It is defined as the  force that acts at   right angles to the surface .

Application

We have seen that , liquid rises into capillary tube up to  certain height range .

This is seen because  of  inward pull exerted by phenomenon  surface tension and and this pushes pushes the liquid up  in capillary tube .