Question

Define electrostatic potential at a point. Write its si unit. Three charges q1 , q2 and q3 are kept respectively at points a, b and c as shown in figures. Write the expression for electrostatic potential energy of the system.

Answer 1

Electrostatic potential:

An electric potential (also known as the electric field potential, potential drop or the electrostatic potential) is the amount of work required to move a unit of charge from a reference point to a specific point inside the field without generating acceleration.  

SI unit:

Its SI unit is volt.

Expression for electrostatic potential energy:

$U_{e} = k \frac{q1q2q3}{r}$

Answer 2

Given that,

Three charges q₁, q₂ and q₃ are kept respectively at points a, b and c.

Electrostatic potential :

Electrostatic potential is equal to the electric field divided by the charge.

In mathematically,

$V=\dfrac{E}{q}$

$V=\dfrac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_{0}}(\dfrac{q}{r})$

We need to calculate the electrostatic potential

Using formula of electrostatic potential

$U=\dfrac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_{0}}(\dfrac{q_{1}q_{2}}{r_{12}}+\dfrac{q_{1}q_{3}}{r_{13}}+\dfrac{q_{2}q_{3}}{r_{23}})$

Electrostatic potential energy :

The amount of energy that is needed to move a charge opposite to electric field it is called electrostatic potential energy

We need to calculate the electrostatic potential energy of the system

Using formula of electrostatic potential energy

$U=\dfrac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_{0}}(\dfrac{q_{1}q_{2}}{r})$

Hence, Electrostatic potential at a point is $\dfrac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_{0}}(\dfrac{q_{1}q_{2}}{r_{12}}+\dfrac{q_{1}q_{3}}{r_{13}}+\dfrac{q_{23}}{r_{23}})$

Electrostatic potential energy is $\dfrac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_{0}}(\dfrac{q_{1}q_{2}}{r})$

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Topic : electrostatic potential energy

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