Question

define irrigation a

d highlight it's importance

Answer 1

Irrigation is defined as “Artificially supplying & systematically dividing of water for
agriculture & horticulture in order to obtain higher or qualitatively better
production”(After Eijkelkamp Agrisearch Equipment). Water is essential to plant
growth & for millenniums. Successful farmers have used different methods to apply
water to their crops. This artificial addition of water is called irrigation. Irrigation is
essentially the artificial application of water to overcome deficiencies in rainfall for
growing crops (Cantor, 1967). Irrigation is a basic determinant of agriculture because
its inadequacies are the most powerful constraints on the increase of agricultural
production. In traditional agriculture, irrigation was recognized for its protective role
of insurance against the vagaries of rainfall & drought. But now, adoption of high
yielding varieties, chemical fertilization & multiple cropping highly used controlled
irrigation for increasing productivity.
Importance of Irrigation:
In the next 35 to 45 years world food production will need to double to meet the
demands of increased population. Ninety percent of this increased food production
will have to come from existing lands & seventy percent of this increased food
production will have to come from irrigated land. Without irrigation farming is very
limited & if the rainfall decreases to less than 30cm, agriculture becomes impossible
without irrigation (King, 1953). It increases crop yield. It protects from famine. It
helps to cultivate superior crops with the water supply as per need of the crops.
Ultimately it helps in economic development. Irrigation water improves water
conditions in the soil, increases the water content of plant fibers, dissolves nutrients &
makes them available to plants. Irrigation affects temperature conditions by regulating
the temperature of the surface layer of the soil & the ground layer of the air & also
makes possible control of the growth & development of plants & improvement of the
quality of the harvest. In fruit & berry crops that receive optimum quantities of
moisture, the sugar content of the fruit increases & in oil crops the fat content in the
seeds is greater. For rice & wheat) with supplementary nitrogen feeding), the protein
content in the grain increases & for cotton the quality of the fiber is improved.

Answer 2

Heya mate

here's your answer,

⬇️⬇️⬇️

$\boxed{Irrigation}$

➡️ The supply of water to crops at a regular interval is basically termed as irrigation.

➡️ Two modern methods of irrigation are :

● Drip irrigation

● sprinkle system .

➡️ four types of traditional irrigation are :

● moat (pulley system )

● chain pump

● rahat ( lever system )

● dhekli

hope it helps you mate