Question

define isotopes and isobars with example

Answer 1

Isotopes: The atoms which posses same atomic number (the atoms same element) but different mass number are called Isotopes.
Ex: ₁H¹,₁H², ₁H³  
These are the isotopes of Hydrogen.
The difference in mass number is due to different number of neutrons present in the nucleus. 
Isobars: The atoms which posses different atomic number with same mass number are called Isobars.
Ex : ₁₈Ar⁴⁰,₂₀Ca⁴⁰
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Answer 2

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ISOTOPES - These are the element that same atomic number but different mass number. i.e the number of protons will be same but the number of neutrons will vary. 

For example - Hydrogen has its 3 isotopes named, 
1 ) Protium - 1 neutron , 1 proton 
2 ) Deuterium ( D ) - 2 neutron , 1 proton 
3 ) Tritium ( T ) - 3 neutron , 1 proton  

In the above sited example the No. of neutrons vary whereas no. of protons are the same. 

ISOBARS - These are the elements which have different atomic number but have some mass number. 

For example - 
Calcium - Atomic No. = 20 
                 Mass No. = 40 

Argon - Atomic No. = 18 
             Mass No. = 40

In the above cited example the mass no. is same whereas the atomic No. vary. 
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