define land use pattern in India
Answers
The layout or arrangement of the uses of the land is known as “land use pattern”. The land may be used for agriculture, forest, pasture etc. Land use is determined by many factors like relief features, climate, soil, density of population, technical and socio-economic factors.
The important types of land use in the country are :-
Forests area
Land not available for cultivation
Cultivable wasteland
Fallow land
Net area sown
nd not available for cultivation
The land used for human settlements, transport routes, canals, quarries, the mountains, deserts, marshes etc. are coming under this category. It accounts 12.11% of total land in India. Arunachal Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Madhya Pradesh states are having more area under this category. In contrast, Dadra and Haveli, Chandigarh, Andaman and Nicobar and Sikkim are having less area under this category.
Other uncultivated lands including fallow lands
This category includes permanent pasture and other grazing area, land under miscellaneous tree, crops, groves and cultivable waste. This category covers about 8.6 % of the country’s total reporting land. The permanent pasture and other grazing are is reported high in the states of Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. But it is less in Manipur, Dadar and Nagar Haveli, Goa and Andaman and Nicobar islands. The land under miscellaneous tree crops and groves is found high in the states of Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Odisha and Andhra Pradesh. On the other hand Chandigarh, Goa, Delhi and Puducherry reported very less area under this category. The cultivable waste land is found more in the states of Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra. But it is reported very less in Tripura, Manipur, Sikkim and Punjab states.
Fallow lands
The land which is not utilized for cultivation for last 3 to 5 years is considered as fallow land. It may be cultivated. It accounts for about 8.13 % of the India’s total land. The land under this category is reported more in the states of Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh and Jharkhand. It is less in Tripura, Dadar and Nagar Haveli, Puducherry and Andaman Nicobar islands.
Net area sown
India has a net sown area of 46.2% of the total reporting land in India. There has been a phenomenal increase in the net area sown during the last five decades.This increase is due to the reclamation of barren, uncultivable land pasture land etc. As per the land use statistics 2013-14, the total geographical area of the country is 328.7 million hectares, of which 141.4 million hectares is the reported net sown area and 200.9 million hectares is the gross cropped area with a cropping intensity of 142 %.
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Land use pattern refers to the way the land is utilised. The Forest cover of the country is less than the prescribed 33% of the total country's land. Forests occupy about 23.81% of the total land surface in India. Total net sown area of India is 46.24% of the total land in the country.
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