define latent heat of vaporization? explain particles of steam has move energy than water at 100°c
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The latent heat of fusion and vaporization both involve the heat required to change the state of a substance without a change in temperature. In the case of the latent heat of fusion, it is the heat required to change a substance from a solid (ice) to a liquid (water) or vice versa while the latent heat of vaporization from a liquid (water) to a gas (steam) or vice versa.
In solids, the molecules are very close together and the attraction between the molecules are great. This causes a substance to have a structure in which the molecules have little freedom to move, as you would see in the case of ice. In the case of a liquid, the molecules are closely spaced, though not as closely spaced as a solid, they have more freedom to move and the intermolecular forces are weaker than that of a solid. Thus a liquid can flow, unlike a solid. Now in a gas, the molecules are sufficiently far apart that there are little to no attractive forces. Because of this a gas can easily be compressed and take the shape of the container.
Now as you heat a solid turning it into a liquid, you increase the kinetic energy of its molecules, moving them further apart until the forces of attraction are reduced to allow it to flow freely. Keep in mind the forces of attraction still exists. Now as you heat a liquid, turning it into a gas, the kinetic energy of the molecules is increased to a point where there are no forces of attraction between the molecules.
The energy required to completely separate the molecules, moving from liquid to gas, is much greater than if you were just to reduce their separation, solid to liquid. Hence the reason why the latent heat of vaporization is greater than the latent heat of fusion.
Answered by: David Latchman, B.Ss. Physics, University of the West Indies
In solids, the molecules are very close together and the attraction between the molecules are great. This causes a substance to have a structure in which the molecules have little freedom to move, as you would see in the case of ice. In the case of a liquid, the molecules are closely spaced, though not as closely spaced as a solid, they have more freedom to move and the intermolecular forces are weaker than that of a solid. Thus a liquid can flow, unlike a solid. Now in a gas, the molecules are sufficiently far apart that there are little to no attractive forces. Because of this a gas can easily be compressed and take the shape of the container.
Now as you heat a solid turning it into a liquid, you increase the kinetic energy of its molecules, moving them further apart until the forces of attraction are reduced to allow it to flow freely. Keep in mind the forces of attraction still exists. Now as you heat a liquid, turning it into a gas, the kinetic energy of the molecules is increased to a point where there are no forces of attraction between the molecules.
The energy required to completely separate the molecules, moving from liquid to gas, is much greater than if you were just to reduce their separation, solid to liquid. Hence the reason why the latent heat of vaporization is greater than the latent heat of fusion.
Answered by: David Latchman, B.Ss. Physics, University of the West Indies
Rohith2020:
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Latent heat of vaporisation means the heat energy req. to change 1l water into steam pr vapour in normal atmospheric pressure.
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