Question

Define plankton. write its types. Define them and give examples.​

Answer 1

Answer:

• Phytoplankton are a type of microscopic plankton capable of photosynthesis found in oceans, seas, and freshwater, and an essential component of aquatic ecosystems. Phytoplankton can range in size and shape, and since they are photosynthesizing autotrophic organisms, they inhabit waters exposed to sunlight.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

plankton, marine and freshwater organisms that, because they are nonmotile or too small or weak to swim against the current, exist in a drifting state.

Holoplankton – Organisms, which remain in planktonic form for their entire lifetime, e.g. algae, jellyfish, etc.

Meroplankton – Organisms, who live as plankton at only some stages of their lifecycle, e.g. larvae of starfish, worms, sea urchins, fish, etc.

On the basis of size, planktons are classified as:

Megaplankton – they are large in size > 20 cm, e.g. Jellyfish, tunicates pyrosomes, etc.

Macroplankton – their size ranges from 2 to 20 cm

Mesoplankton – includes organisms with size 0.2 to 20 mm

Microplankton – their size varies from 20 to 200 m, e.g. most of the phytoplankton, protozoans and large protists

Nanoplankton – size ranges from 2 to 20 m, e.g. protists, diatoms and algae

Picoplankton – size ranges from 0.2 to 2 m, e.g. bacteria, chrysophytes

Femtoplankton – includes marine viruses with size < 0.2 m

On the basis of various trophic level and characteristics, planktons are classified as:

Phytoplankton – They are autotrophs or producers, e.g. cyanobacteria, algae, diatoms, dinoflagellates, etc.

Zooplankton – It includes primary consumers, who feed on other plankton, e.g. small protozoans, larvae of fish and other animals

Mycoplankton – It includes fungi

Bacterioplankton – It includes bacteria and important for nutrient recycling

Virioplankton – includes viruses

Mixotrophs – They act as both producers and consumers according to environmental conditions. When there is abundant light and nutrients available they perform photosynthesis and in the absence or limited resources, they feed on other plankton to fulfil their nutrient requirements

Explanation: