Define the term dispersion and explain any phenomenon based on dispersion
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In optics, dispersion is the phenomenon in which the phase velocity of a wave depends on its frequency. Media having this common property may be termed dispersive media. Sometimes the term chromatic dispersion is used for specificity.
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Dispersion is defined as the phenomenon of splitting white light into different colours on passing through a transparent medium such as a prism. When white light is passed through a prism, it splits into seven colours. It is observed that the colours are in the following order:
Violet (V), Indigo (I), Blue (B), Green (G), Yellow (Y), Orange (O) and Red (R).
The order of colours can be remembered by the acronym VIBGYOR. This coloured band is called the spectrum of white light.
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