define the term magnetic sustability and write its relations in terms of relative permeability
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In a large class of materials, there exists an approximately linear relationship between  and . If the material is isotropic then
(866)
where  is called the magnetic susceptibility. If  is positive then the material is called paramagnetic, and the magnetic field is strengthened by the presence of the material. On the other hand, if  is negative then the material is diamagnetic, and the magnetic field is weakened in the presence of the material. The magnetic susceptibilities of paramagnetic and diamagnetic materials are generally extremely small. A few sample values are given in Table. 2.1
Table 2:
MaterialAluminiumCopperDiamondTungstenHydrogen (1 atm)Oxygen (1 atm)Nitrogen (1 atm)
A linear relationship between  and  also implies a linear relationship between and . In fact, we can write
(867)
where
(868)
is termed the magnetic permeability of the material in question. (Likewise,  is termed the permeability of free space.) Note that  has the same units as . It is clear from Table 2 that the permeabilities of common diamagnetic and paramagnetic materials do not differ substantially from the permeability of free space. In fact, to all intents and purposes, the magnetic properties of such materials can be safely neglected (i.e., ).
(866)
where  is called the magnetic susceptibility. If  is positive then the material is called paramagnetic, and the magnetic field is strengthened by the presence of the material. On the other hand, if  is negative then the material is diamagnetic, and the magnetic field is weakened in the presence of the material. The magnetic susceptibilities of paramagnetic and diamagnetic materials are generally extremely small. A few sample values are given in Table. 2.1
Table 2:
MaterialAluminiumCopperDiamondTungstenHydrogen (1 atm)Oxygen (1 atm)Nitrogen (1 atm)
A linear relationship between  and  also implies a linear relationship between and . In fact, we can write
(867)
where
(868)
is termed the magnetic permeability of the material in question. (Likewise,  is termed the permeability of free space.) Note that  has the same units as . It is clear from Table 2 that the permeabilities of common diamagnetic and paramagnetic materials do not differ substantially from the permeability of free space. In fact, to all intents and purposes, the magnetic properties of such materials can be safely neglected (i.e., ).
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