Define urbanisation as it developed in the ganga brahmaputra basin
Answers
It all started with the discovery of iron by the Aryans.They developed iron tools and with the help of it they cleared the forest of the Ganga valley and started practising agriculture.As we all know that the northern plains are the most densely populated and extensively cultivated areas of the subcontinent due to several reasons like availability of water,presence of fertile alluvial land,etc.Due to the presence of such favourable conditions,the practice of agriculture increased.As surplus production was done,focus shifted from subsistence farming to farming for trade.River system also facilitated in transportation.As a result this area became attractive to rest of the population.Increase in trade led to setting up of industries which favoured large scale production.With more people drawning to this area lead to settlement of some of most populated cities like Allahabad along the river and also some of the important port cities like Kolkata.One major drawback of such urbanisation is over exploitation.
Urbanization refers to the population shift from rural to urban residency, the gradual increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas, and the ways in which each society adapts to this change. It is predominantly the process by which towns and cities are formed and become larger as more people begin living and working in central areas. Although the two concepts are sometimes used interchangeably, urbanization should be distinguished from urban growth: urbanization is "the proportion of the total national population living in areas classed as urban", while urban growth refers to "the absolute number of people living in areas classed as urban". The United Nations projected that half of the world's population would live in urban areas at the end of 2008. It is predicted that by 2050 about 64% of the developing world and 86% of the developed world will be urbanized. That is equivalent to approximately 3 billion urbanites by 2050, much of which will occur in Africa and Asia. Notably, the United Nations has also recently projected that nearly all global population growth from 2017 to 2030 will be absorbed by cities, about 1.1 billion new urbanites over the next 13 years.