Depending upon the generation of different air pollutants they can be classified as
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Quantitative Pollutants:
These are those substances normally occurring in the environment, who acquire the status of a pollutant when their concentration gets increased due to the unmindful activities of man. For example, carbon dioxide, if present in the atmosphere in concentration greater than normal due to automobiles and industries, causes measurable effects on humans, animals, plants or property, then it is classified as a quantitative pollutant.
(b) Qualitative Pollutant:
These are those substances which do not normally occur in nature but are added by man, for example, insecticides.
(ii) Depending upon the form in which they persist after being released into the environment, the pollutants are categorized into two types, namely primary and secondary pollutants.
(a) Primary Pollutants:
These are those which are emitted directly from the source and persist in the form in which they were added to the environment. Typical examples of pollutants included under this category are ash, smoke, fumes, dust, nitric oxide, sulphur dioxide, hydrocarbons etc.
(b) Secondary Pollutants:
These are those which are formed from the primary pollutants by chemical interaction with some constituent present in the atmosphere. Examples are: Sulphur trioxide, nitrogen dioxide, aldehydes, ketones, ozone etc.
Nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons are two primary pollutants released from automobiles but in the presence of sunlight, they react to form peroxyacyl nitrate (PAN) and ozone, two secondary pollutants which are far more toxic than the primary pollutants from which they are derived. This phenomenon of increased toxicity by chemical interaction among the pollutants is known as Synergism.
These are those substances normally occurring in the environment, who acquire the status of a pollutant when their concentration gets increased due to the unmindful activities of man. For example, carbon dioxide, if present in the atmosphere in concentration greater than normal due to automobiles and industries, causes measurable effects on humans, animals, plants or property, then it is classified as a quantitative pollutant.
(b) Qualitative Pollutant:
These are those substances which do not normally occur in nature but are added by man, for example, insecticides.
(ii) Depending upon the form in which they persist after being released into the environment, the pollutants are categorized into two types, namely primary and secondary pollutants.
(a) Primary Pollutants:
These are those which are emitted directly from the source and persist in the form in which they were added to the environment. Typical examples of pollutants included under this category are ash, smoke, fumes, dust, nitric oxide, sulphur dioxide, hydrocarbons etc.
(b) Secondary Pollutants:
These are those which are formed from the primary pollutants by chemical interaction with some constituent present in the atmosphere. Examples are: Sulphur trioxide, nitrogen dioxide, aldehydes, ketones, ozone etc.
Nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons are two primary pollutants released from automobiles but in the presence of sunlight, they react to form peroxyacyl nitrate (PAN) and ozone, two secondary pollutants which are far more toxic than the primary pollutants from which they are derived. This phenomenon of increased toxicity by chemical interaction among the pollutants is known as Synergism.
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Air Pollution can be classified as primary and secondary pollutants.
Primary pollutant
A primary pollutant is an air pollutant emitted directly from a source.
Ex:CO, NO2,SO2,VOCs,and particulate matter (dust, ash, salt particles) bad for your lungs
Secondary pollutants
A secondary pollutant is not directly emitted as such, but forms when other pollutants (primary pollutants) react in the atmosphere.
Ex:Ozone, which is formed when hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) combine in the presence of sunlight; NO2, which is formed as NO combines with oxygen in the air; and acid rain, which is formed when sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides react with water.
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Air Pollution can be classified as primary and secondary pollutants.
Primary pollutant
A primary pollutant is an air pollutant emitted directly from a source.
Ex:CO, NO2,SO2,VOCs,and particulate matter (dust, ash, salt particles) bad for your lungs
Secondary pollutants
A secondary pollutant is not directly emitted as such, but forms when other pollutants (primary pollutants) react in the atmosphere.
Ex:Ozone, which is formed when hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) combine in the presence of sunlight; NO2, which is formed as NO combines with oxygen in the air; and acid rain, which is formed when sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides react with water.
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