Derive potential due to electric dipole and system of charges.
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An electric potential is the amount of work needed to move an unit positive charge from a reference point to a specific point inside an electric field without producing acceleration. A dipole is a pair of opposite charges with equal magnitudes separated by a distance ‘d’.The electric potential due to a point charge q at a distance of r from that charge is given by,V = 14πε0 qrWhere, ε0 is the permittivity of free space.The electric potential is a scalar field whose gradient becomes the electrostatic vector field. Being a scalar field, it is very easy to find the potential due to a system of charges. It is the summation of the electric potentials at a point due to individual charges.Thus, we can write the net electric potential due to the individual potentials contributed by charges asVnet=∑i ViVnet=14πε0 ∑i qiriLet us use this concept to find the electric field of a dipole. Let the distance between the point P and the positive and negative charges be r+ and r- respectively.…
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An electric potential is the amount of work needed to move an unit positive charge from a reference point to a specific point inside an electric field without producing acceleration. A dipole is a pair of opposite charges with equal magnitudes separated by a distance ‘d’.The electric potential due to a point charge q at a distance of r from that charge is given by,V = 14πε0 qrWhere, ε0 is the permittivity of free space.The electric potential is a scalar field whose gradient becomes the electrostatic vector field. Being a scalar field, it is very easy to find the potential due to a system of charges. It is the summation of the electric potentials at a point due to individual charges.Thus, we can write the net electric potential due to the individual potentials contributed by charges asVnet=∑i ViVnet=14πε0 ∑i qiriLet us use this concept to find the electric field of a dipole. Let the distance between the point P and the positive and negative charges be r+ and r- respectively.…
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